Real-world networks often have power-law degrees and scale-free properties, such as ultrasmall distances and ultrafast information spreading. In this paper, we study a third universal property: three-point correlations that suppress the creation of triangles and signal the presence of hierarchy. We quantify this property in terms of c[over ¯](k), the probability that two neighbors of a degree-k...

In this study we used a modified Stroop word-color task in which the target was a centrally fixated color frame and the distractor was an incompatible, compatible or non-color word. In Experiment 1 distractors were located either within (the inside condition) or outside the frame, at distances of 1.3 deg (near-outside condition) or 2 deg (far-outside condition). In Experiment 2 only the inside ...

At a time when the demand for people with expertise in chemoinformatics is increasing, there is still only a very small number of academic institutions that offer chemoinformatics-related classes and degrees. The distance education (DE) approach allows both learning and research to be carried out at multiple geographic locations and institutions, thus leveraging the few educational offerings th...

We show how reciprocal arcs significantly influence the structural organization of Wikipedias, online encyclopedias. It is shown that random addition of reciprocal arcs in the static network cannot explain the observed reciprocity of Wikipedias. A model of Wikipedia growth based on preferential attachment and on information exchange via reciprocal arcs is presented. An excellent agreement betwe...

The hypothalamus is the higher neuroendocrine center of the brain and therefore possesses numerous intrinsic axonal connections and is connected by afferent and efferent fiber systems with other brain structures. These projection systems have been described in detail in the adult but data on their early development is sparse. Here I review studies of the time schedule and features of the develo...

rock has been advantageously employed in hydraulic structures such as rockfill dams, gabion weirs and drain works. one rockfill dam applications can be flood control in wa-tershed management. the objectives of building rockfill detention dams are flow storage for a specific period and lowering of the outflow hydrograph. as this type of dam consists of coarse particles, seepage flow will deviate...

The degree of mobility of a given linkage depends upon the order of its screw system, whereby a loop with six joint freedoms may be related to its reciprocal screw system, a single screw axis with an associated pitch. It has been postulated that this reciprocal screw can provide an alternative means of identifying its parent linkage, and an investigation in this respect has been recently carrie...

The reciprocal distance Laplacian matrix of a connected graph G is defined as RDL(G)=RT(G)−RD(G), where RT(G) the diagonal degrees and RD(G) Harary matrix. Clearly, RDL(G) real symmetric matrix, we denote its eigenvalues λ1(RDL(G))≥λ2(RDL(G))≥…≥λn(RDL(G)). largest eigenvalue λ1(RDL(G)) RDL(G), denoted by λ(G), called spectral radius. In this paper, obtain several upper bounds for sum k in terms...