1 of 3 DESCRIPTION A 62-year-old female presented with a 3-week history of non-specifi c abdominal pain. She had a history of rectal prolapse and was awaiting rectopexy. Clinical examination revealed gross anterior abdominal wall surgical emphysema ( fi gures 1 and 2 ) as well as surgical emphysema of the pararectal region on digital rectal examination. There were no signs of peritonitis. A rig...

Tiif, rectal route for anaesthesia has been long under consideration. The first efforts in this direction were made by F. Roux in1846. The undeniable advantages of the rectal route, the easiness of administration, the avoidance of choking and excitation, and freedom from complications, opened up the way for further research. Injury to the bowel wall was the great danger in the experiments of Ro...

Dieulafoy lesion A 68-year-old manwith stage IV renal cell adenocarcinoma was admitted for severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding and hemodynamic instability. After blood transfusion, colonoscopy revealed fresh blood in the rectum and sigmoid colon but no apparent lesions. At 4 days after admission, the patient experienced another episode of severe bleeding. A repeat colonoscopy showed active p...

Rectal absorption of methylprednisolone acetate and oral absorption of methylprednisolone and methylprednisolone acetate were investigated in a single-dose 3-way crossover study of 12 normal male volunteers. The median value of bioavailability (relative to oral dose) of methylprednisolone acetate based on unchanged methylprednisolone plasma levels was 14.2% after rectal administration, suggesti...

This study investigates the dosimetry and radiobiological model variation when a second photon arc was added to prostate volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) using the single-arc technique. Dosimetry and radiobiological model comparison between the single-arc and double-arc prostate VMAT plans were performed on five patients with prostate volumes ranging from 29-68.1 cm3. The prescription do...

Tumor detection prior to invasion through the muscularis propria and before lymph node metastases appear offers the best prognosis and permits more limited surgery.2 Anterior or abdominoperineal resection is the standard treatment for rectal tumors, although a greater proportion of resections are now sphincter-saving or involve local excision.3,4 Despite surgical advances, local recurrence rate...

The purpose is to compare CT-based dosimetry with International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU 38) bladder and rectum reference points in patients of carcinoma of uterine cervix treated with intracavitary brachytherapy (ICA). Twenty-two consecutive patients were evaluated. Orthogonal radiographs and CT images were acquired and transferred to PLATO planning system. Bladder ...

Rectal and anal endosonography Conventional ultrasound using an external transducer on the body wall has an important limitation. A balance has to be struck between the better resolution of a high frequency transducer and its focal length. To obtain really good images the transducer has to be as close to the organ of interest as possible. The idea of using an ultrasound transducer inside a body...

We investigated the rectal dose-sparing effect and tumor control of a point A dose-reduced plan in patients with Stage I-II cervical cancer (≤4 cm) arising from a small-sized uterus. Between October 2008 and August 2011, 19 patients with Stage I-II cervical cancer (≤4 cm) were treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for the pelvis and CT-guided brachytherapy. Seven patients were treated ...

Studies suggest that anterior beams with in vivo range verification would improve rectal dosimetry in proton therapy for prostate cancer. We investigated whether prostate-rectum spacers would enhance or diminish the benefits of anterior proton beams in these treatments. Twenty milliliters of hydrogel was injected between the prostate and rectum of a cadaver using a transperineal approach. Compu...