Self-organization of wireless sensor networks, which involves network decomposition into connected clusters, is a challenging task because of the limited bandwidth and energy resources available in these networks. In this paper, we make contributions towards improving the efficiency of self-organization in wireless sensor networks. We first present a novel approach for message-efficient cluster...

OBJECTIVE Sulfonylureas have historically been analyzed as a medication class, which may be inappropriate given the differences in properties inherent to the individual sulfonylureas (hypoglycemic risk, sulfonylurea receptor selectivity, and effects on myocardial ischemic preconditioning). The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of individual sulfonylureas and the risk of overa...

PURPOSE This study examined the association between early initiation of problem behaviors (alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, and sexual intercourse) and suicidal behaviors (suicidal ideation and suicide attempts), and explored the effect of concurrent participation in these problem behaviors on suicidal behaviors among Korean adolescent males and females. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were ob...

The Drosophila bithorax complex Abdominal-B (Abd-B) gene specifies parasegmental identity at the posterior end of the fly. The specific pattern of Abd-B expression in each parasegment (PS) determines its identity and, in PS10-13, Abd-B expression is controlled by four parasegment-specific cis-regulatory domains, iab-5 to iab-8, respectively. In order to properly determine parasegmental identity...

Although initiation of translation at non-AUG codons occurs occasionally in prokaryotes and higher eukaryotes, it has not been reported in yeast until very recently. Evidence presented here shows that redundant ACG codons are recognized as alternative translation start sites for ALA1, the only gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae coding for alanyl-tRNA synthetase. ALA1 is shown to be a bifunctional...

A significant methodological challenge in implementing community-based cluster-randomized trials is how to accurately categorize cluster residency when data are collected at a site distant from households. This study set out to validate a map book system for use in urban slums with no municipal address systems, where classification has been shown to be inaccurate when address descriptions were ...

The oxidation of Ni(II) N-confused porphyrins (NCPs) with azo radical initiators resulted in an unexpected intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction via a proposed Ni(III) NCP intermediate, which could be detected by HRMS.

Well-defined acryloyl beta-alanine (ABA) polymers were synthesized directly via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) under near physiological conditions using various water soluble initiators with high yield and narrow molecular weight distributions.

Group 4 metal initiators with a tetradentate bis(phenolato) ligand polymerized meso-lactide efficiently under ring-opening to give syndiotactic polylactide. L-Lactide was converted faster than rac-lactide and meso-lactide.

In this account, our studies on radical reactions that are promoted by dimethylzinc and air are described. Advantages of this reagent and differences from conventional radical initiators, such as triethylborane, are discussed.