Systems biology approaches, such as kinetic modelling, could provide valuable insights into how thioredoxins, glutaredoxins and peroxiredoxins (here collectively called redoxins), and the systems that reduce these molecules are regulated. However, it is not clear whether redoxins should be described as redox couples (with redox potentials) or as enzymes (with Michaelis-Menten parameters) in suc...

Mediatorless, electrochemically driven, redox transformations of T1 (type 1) and T2 copper sites in Trametes hirsuta laccase were studied by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical redox titrations using bare gold electrode. DET (direct electron transfer) between the electrode and the enzyme was observed under anaerobic conditions. From analysis of experimental data it is concluded that t...

INAD is a scaffolding protein that regulates signaling in Drosophila photoreceptors. One of its PDZ domains, PDZ5, cycles between reduced and oxidized forms in response to light, but it is unclear how light affects its redox potential. Through biochemical and structural studies, we show that the redox potential of PDZ5 is allosterically regulated by its interaction with another INAD domain, PDZ...

Indolizine has been synthesised on the small scale with enhanced yield using a novel Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis method. Electrooxidation of indolizine results in the formation of a redox-active film on the electrode surface. Excellent agreement is found between calculated and experimental indolizine oxidation potentials; a combination of fluorescence and electrochemical studies are consistent with ...

Engineering redox-active compounds to support stable multi-electron transfer is an emerging strategy for enhancing the energy density and reducing cost of redox flow batteries (RFBs). However, when sequential electron transfers occur at disparate potentials, increases in electrolyte capacity are accompanied by decreases voltaic efficiency, restricting viable design space. To understand these pe...

A survey of the literature indicates that several chemicals whose reduced metabolites are capable of undergoing redox cycling in biological systems also possess significant teratogenic properties when tested in vivo. We have initiated investigations to determine whether the embryotoxic effects of such chemicals could result from their redox cycling properties and whether redox cycling could be ...

Novel organic redox systems that display multistage behaviour are highly sought-after for a series of applications such as batteries or electrochromic materials. Here we describe simple strategy to transfer well-known two-electron active bipyridine and phenanthroline architectures into novel strongly reducing four-electron featuring fully reversible events with up five stable oxidation states. ...

Redox homeostasis and signaling are critically important in the regulation of cell function. There are significant challenges in quantitatively measuring intracellular redox potentials, and in this paper, we introduce a new approach. Our approach is based on the use of nanosensors which comprise molecules that sense the local redox potential, assembled on a gold nanoshell. Since the Raman spect...

Azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a small 128-residue, copper-containing protein. Its redox potential can be modified by mutating the protein. Free-energy calculations based on classical molecular-dynamics simulations of the protein and from mutants in aqueous solution at different pH values were used to compute relative redox potentials. The precision of the free-energy calculations with t...

The Cover Feature shows the photocatalytic hydrogen production by dual Ru(II)-dye sensitized layered niobate oxide with intercalated Pt cocatalyst in presence of redox-reversible M-substituted polyoxometalate anions (M-POM, M = VIV, MnII). In their Research Article, A. Kobayashi and co-workers found that activity is remarkably higher MnII-POM aq. than VIV-POM despite comparable redox potentials...