Determining relationships such as functional or inclusion dependencies within and across databases is important for many applications in information integration. When such information is not available as explicit meta data, it is possible to discover potential dependencies from the source database extents. However, the complexity of such discovery problems is typically exponential in the number...

This paper details how folklore notions of hygiene and referential transparen y of R5RS ma ros are defeated by a systemati atta k. We demonstrate syntax-rules that seem to apture user identi ers and allow their own identi ers to be aptured by the losest lexi al bindings. In other words, we have written R5RS ma ros that a omplish what ommonly believed to be impossible. We build on the the fundam...

This paper presents a quantitative modeling of referential coherence by which conversation systems measure the smoothness of discourse. Investigations of the corpora show that referential coherence depends on languages or genres of discourse. Our goal is to establish a quantitative model that can be statistically adapted to various languages. Centering theory explains referential coherence by u...

Major depression is associated with a bias toward negative emotional processing and increased self-focus, i.e., the process by which one engages in self-referential processing. The increased self-focus in depression is suggested to be of a persistent, repetitive and self-critical nature, and is conceptualized as ruminative brooding. The role of the medial prefrontal cortex in self-referential p...

BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated that negatively distorted self-referential processing, in which individuals evaluate one's own self, is a pathogenic mechanism in subthreshold depression that has a considerable impact on the quality of life and carries an elevated risk of developing major depression. Behavioural activation (BA) is an effective intervention for depression, including subthresh...

Referential integrity is fundamental for data processing and data quality. The SQL standard proposes di↵erent semantics under which referential integrity can be enforced in practice. Under simple semantics, only total foreign key values must be matched by some referenced key values. Under partial semantics, total and partial foreign key values must be matched by some referenced key values. Supp...

Self-referential processing is defined as the process by which a person becomes aware that specific contents are related to his or her own self. Cortical midline structures (CMS), such as dorsal and medial prefrontal cortex, and regions such as inferior frontal cortex, insula, and temporal pole have been implicated in self-referential processing. However, the specific contribution of each of th...

In this paper, we propose a new relational schema (R-schema) to XML Schema translation algorithm that analyzes the cardinality between data values and patterns of user queries to resolve the implicit referential integrity issue. Many translation methods have been developed taking into account structural and/or semantic aspects. However, earlier methods have considered only the explicit referent...

Self-referential processing involves a complex set of cognitive functions, posing challenges to delineating its independent neural correlates. While self-referential processing has been considered functionally intertwined with episodic memory, the present study explores their overlap and dissociability. Standard tasks for self-referential processing and episodic memory were combined into a sing...

Cross-situational learning is a mechanism for learning the meaning of words across multiple exposures, despite exposure-by-exposure uncertainty as to the word’s true meaning. We present experimental evidence showing that humans learn words effectively using cross-situational learning, even at high levels of referential uncertainty. Both overall success rates and the time taken to learn words ar...