We study a stochastic inventory model of a firm, that sources the product from a make-to-order manufacturer, and can ship orders by a combination of two freight modes. The two freight modes differ in lead-times, and each has a fixed and a quantity proportional cost for each use. The ordering decisions are made periodically; however, the inventory holding and back-order penalty costs are incurre...

Freight transport in urban areas is of increasing interest and concern. Significant changes in patterns and intensity of freight movements are occurring as a result of technological and societal change and the growth in e-business, the environmental consequences of road based transport systems, and urban land use and transport systems management policies. One significant problem is the BrowneAl...

Patties were made from pork loin, individually vacuum- or aerobic-packaged and stored either at 4 or -40°C. Refrigerated patties were irradiated at 0, 1.5, 3.0 or 4.5 kGy absorbed dose, and frozen ones were irradiated at 0, 2.5, 5.0, or 7.5 kGy. Samples were analyzed for lipid oxidation, volatile production and odor characteristics. Refrigerated samples were analyzed at 0, 1 and 2 weeks, and fr...

An overall objective of the REORIENT project is to develop a business case for a new rail service between the Nordic countries and countries in Centraland South Eastern Europe. We developed, conducted, and used information from a survey conducted by the REORIENT project among intermodal freight shippers in countries within the REORIENT Corridor to identify essential factors for attracting freig...

total VKT (2). In developed countries, freight road transport continues to grow at a faster rate than the gross domestic product (3). This growth in commercial vehicle activity is increasing preexisting concerns over the associated negative externalities of urban freight movements. These externalities include greenhouse gases, air pollution, safety, and congestion and have been estimated to be ...

With the energy consumption rising in rail transport, the railway sector is showing increasing interest in the energy-efficient operation of freight trains. Freight trains require more complicated driving strategies than ordinary passenger trains do due to their heavy loads, especially in the long-distance steep downhill (LDSD) sections that are very common in freight rail lines in China. This ...

We present a method, which makes use of historical vehicle data and current vehicle observations in order to estimate 1) the route a vehicle has used and 2) the freight the vehicle carried along the estimated route. The method includes a learning phase and an estimation phase. In the learning phase, historical data about the movement of a vehicle and of the consignments allocated to the vehicle...

International and interregional trade and transport are on the rise and hence, there is a clear need for reliable estimates of transport flows. However, the available databases and estimation methods are not yet satisfactory for analytical and predictive purposes. In this paper we explore the use of different statistical techniques in order to examine the spatial flow pattern of freight transpo...

background: traffic noise is one of the major sources of environmental pollution that can cause permanent or temporary loss of hearing in drivers. the purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hearing loss among professional long-distance drivers in bandar abbas freight terminal. methods: one thousand long distance occupational drivers in bandar abbas freight terminal not certifie...