Introduction : Modernisation transformations within the Polish lands at end of 19th and beginning 20th century were linked to development popularisation scientific pedagogy growing importance children youth in social life. The postulates universal education connected with need develop concepts upbringing, corresponding requirements modern reality, realities, which was also a period irredentist ...

it is a well-known position that al-ghazali believes in the disability of reason to know moral goodness and badness, and it is in need of religious laws to know them. but is this because of his belief in reason’s structural disability or is it based on another ground? in this paper we take into consideration this view-point and investigate its real foundations. we show that al-ghazali seriously...

This paper examines the philosophical and religious creativity of Great Russian writer thinker Leo Tolstoy as a founder national culture Silver Age. The author this article argues that Tolstoy's works, both artistic figurative, well his journalistic were imbued with content, which constituted generic specificity For is based on spiritual moral principles, are inseparable from Christian foundati...

BACKGROUND End-of-life decision making constitutes a major challenge for bioethical deliberation and political governance in modern democracies: On the one hand, it touches upon fundamental convictions about life, death, and the human condition. On the other, it is deeply rooted in religious traditions and historical experiences and thus shows great socio-cultural diversity. The bioethical disc...

Commentators have noted that the issue stands taken by each side of the American ‘‘culture war’’ lack conceptual consistency and can even seem contradictory. We sought to understand the psychological underpinnings of culture war attitudes using Moral Foundations Theory. In two studies involving 24,739 participants and 20 such issues (e.g. abortion, immigration, same-sex marriage), we found that...

The possibility of constructing a personal AI raises many ethical and religious questions that have been dealt with seriously only by imaginative works of fiction; they have largely been ignored by technical experts and by philosophical and theological ethicists Arguing that a personal AI is possible in principle, and that its accomplishment could be adjudicated by the Turing Test, the article ...

We examine how key early family circumstances affect mortality risks decades later. Early-life conditions are measured by parental mortality, parental fertility (e.g., offspring sibship size, parental age at offspring birth), religious upbringing, and parental socioeconomic status. Prior to these early-life conditions are familial and genetic factors that affect life span. Accordingly, we consi...