background and aims. as a result of poor quality of public water supply in many countries, people have recently turned to bottled water consumption, the fluoride content of which is not generally consistent among different brands. this study sought to measure the fluoride concentration of public water supply in comparison with commercial brands of mineral bottled water available in tehran, iran...

Background & Aims: The present study compared fluoride uptake into enamel from sodium fluoride 0.05% gel and American Dental Association approved fluoride gel (Stannous fluoride 0.4% , Sultan Co.) when used on healthy enamel of the intact teeth. Methods: In an experimental study, 30 intact teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly assigned into two groups of 15 teeth. The teeth wer...

Membrane aerated biofilm reactors (MABRs) have potential in wastewater treatment as they permit simultaneous COD minimisation, nitrification and denitrification. Here we report on the application of the MABR to the removal of fluorinated xenobiotics from wastewater, employing a Pseudomonas knackmussii monoculture to degrade the model compound 4-fluorobenzoate. Growth of biofilm in the MABR usin...

This research was conducted for the purpose of studying the effect of CaF2 content in the composition of hot metal pretreatment flux, based on lime. It was followed in regards to the importance of fluorine amount decrease in hot metal pretreatment and steel making processes. For this purpose, lime based fluxes including 40, 30, 20 and 10 percent calcium fluoride were prepared and hot metal pret...

The first anion-templated synthesis of a lanthanide-containing interlocked molecule is demonstrated by utilizing a nitrite anion to template initial pseudorotaxane formation. Subsequent stoppering of the interpenetrated assembly allows for the preparation of a lanthanide-functionalized [2]rotaxane in high yield. Following removal of the nitrite anion template, the europium [2]rotaxane host is d...

In recent years, there has been an increase in public perception of the detrimental side-effects fluoride to human health due its effects on teeth and bones. Today, is a plethora techniques available for removal from drinking water. Among them, adsorption very prospective method because handy operation, cost efficiency, high selectivity. Along with efforts assist waters, extensive attention als...

Fluoride is now accessible in a variety of forms, including water, toothpaste, mouth rinses, and professional fluoride therapy at dental clinics. A body of data supports the use of systemic and topical fluoride from various sources to prevent dental caries. Fluoride ions are absorbed by the enamel prior to tooth eruption and produce fluorohydroxyapatite, which is more resistant to acid attack t...

Present study was undertaken to analyze and select most appropriate method for removal of fluorides in rural areas. Five methods were analyzed in details with mechanism and limitations.The methods are: Activated Alumina, Red Mud, Montmorillonite, Nalagonda Technique and Magnesia. The Study reveals that magnesia is the most appropriate fluoride treatment device for rural areas.