Introduction Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unique in many aspects, Firstly, its response to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal manipulation is extremely poor leaving surgical extirpation as only effective means of treatment. Secondly, sometimes secondaries regress after removal of the primary tumor indicating unusual response to host defense system once tumor burden is reduced. RCC’s unpre...

Premature cardiovascular disease (CVd) is a frequent complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKd). the traditional (framingham) risk factors only partly explain the high prevalence of CVd in these patients and nontraditional risk factors/markers such as oxidative stress, persistent inflammation, cardiovascular ossification, endothelial dysfunction and anaemia are prevalent and see...

Background. Preeclampsia is difficult to diagnose in patients with underlying renal disease and proteinuria. Prior studies show that there is an angiogenic factor imbalance with elevated levels of antiangiogenic proteins soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt1) and soluble endoglin (sEng) and reduced levels of the proangiogenic protein, placental growth factor (PlGF) in women with preeclampsi...

BACKGROUND Cases of renal artery entrapment (RAE) by extrinsic compression have been infrequently reported in the literature. We aimed to describe RAE and elucidate anatomical factors that may be related to renal artery stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and four patients' computed tomography scans made for various reasons in Radiology Department from 2011 to 2015 were retrospectivel...

We studied 569 cases of renal cell carcinoma in the file5 of the Department of Pathology of the Nor~vegian Radium Hospital from 1964 to 1974. A nephrectorny had been perfornied in all cases. Clinical information on sex, age, survival time and metastases was traced. The histological slides were examined and turnour growth pattern, cell type, cell shape, nuclear atypia, abnormal nucleoli, nuclear...

I IS curious that little has been written and even less is said regarding the renal lymphatics. This could be because the renal lymphatics indeed play an insignificant role in the total function of the kidney, yet there have been some observations over the past century that suggest that the reverse is the case. In 1863, Ludwig aud Zawarykin noted that the obstruction of the ureter in the rabbit...

the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the western world. Epidemiological studies have identified important physiological and lifestyle risk factors for CVD (Table 1)1. More encouragingly, evidence from a number of randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses has now demonstrated that this disease may largely be prevented (at least in the general population) by lifestyle modificatio...

Renal dysfunction is an increasingly recognized non-AIDS-defining comorbidity among HIV-infected persons. The role of HIV-related factors in renal dysfunction remains unclear. We performed a cross-sectional study at two military clinics with open access to care to determine the impact of HIV factors, including antiretroviral therapy, on renal function. Renal dysfunction was defined as a glomeru...

PURPOSE To study risk factors associated with renal injuries in elderly patients with multiple myeloma. METHODS From January 2012 to January 2015 135 elderly patients with multiple myeloma who were treated in Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital were enrolled in this study. Risk factors associated with their renal function, such as gender, serum levels of hemoglobin, uric acid, serum calcium and pho...