in this first report on the experience with renal transplantation in children and adolescents in southern iran during the past five years, thirty-two patients (aged 5- 19 years old 18 males, 14 females) received renal allografts. pretransplantation pathologic diagnoses by kidney biopsy were: membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (mpgn), rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (rpgn), chronic ...

Both glucose ingestion and NH(4)Cl acidosis have been reported to augment urinary calcium (U(Ca) V) and magnesium (U(Mg) V) excretion. Both also cause acidification of the urine and an increase in renal acid excretion. To examine whether a common mechanism of action was involved, the effects of glucose ingestion and NH(4)Cl acidosis on U(Ca) V and U(Mg) V were tested in the same subjects. Gluco...

Distal renal tubular acidosis is a disease that occurs when the kidneys do not remove acid properly into the urine, leaving the blood too acidic (called acidosis). Distal renal tubular acidosis (type I RTA) is caused by a defect in the kidney tubes that causes acid to build up in the bloodstream. It ultimately results rickets which include chronic skeletal pain, in skeletal deformities, skeleta...

Chronic metabolic acidosis increases proximal tubular citrate uptake and metabolism. The present study addressed the effect of chronic metabolic acidosis on a cytosolic enzyme of citrate metabolism, ATP citrate lyase. Chronic metabolic acidosis caused hypocitraturia in rats and increased renal cortical ATP citrate lyase activity by 67% after 7 d. Renal cortical ATP citrate lyase protein abundan...

Chronic metabolic acidosis increases proximal tubular citrate uptake and metabolism. The present study addressed the effect of chronic metabolic acidosis on a cytosolic enzyme of citrate metabolism, ATP citrate lyase. Chronic metabolic acidosis caused hypocitraturia in rats and increased renal cortical ATP citrate lyase activity by 67% after 7 d. Renal cortical ATP citrate lyase protein abundan...

Although metabolic acidosis from a variety of causes is very frequent in infancy, congenital acidosis appears to be extremely rare. Two unrelated cases of a new syndrome are now described with a congenital metabolic acidosis resulting from a block in the conversion of methylmalonic acid to succinic acid. The first had persistent mild acidosis with acute episodes of severe metabolic acidosis dur...

A 29-year-old woman presented with a known nephrocalcinosis that had developed nine years earlier. Her past medical history was remarkable for a cardiac arrest secondary to a profound hypokalaemia (1.7 mEq/L) in the post-operative period following a complicated appendicular peritonitis at 19 years of age. Her on-going treatment included potassium citrate supplementation and increased fluid inta...

Brunner et al. [1] showed a higher than previously described prevalence of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) in critically ill patients with hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis (HMA). They elegantly demonstrated that this condition often remains unrecognized owing to the simultaneous presence of metabolic alkalosis, mainly attributed to low plasma albumin levels, and was not associated with increased ...

The renal tubule plays an important role in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Renal tubular disorders may affect multiple ( e.g., Fanconi syndrome) or specific (e.g., nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, renal glucosuria) tubular functions. Most conditions are primary and monogenic but occasionally are secondary to other disorders (focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, cystinosis, Lowe syndrome). Tub...

Topiramate infrequently induces anion gap metabolic acidosis through carbonic anhydrase inhibition on the distal tubule of the nephron--a type 2 renal tubular acidosis. We report on a 40 years old woman previously healthy that developed significant asymptomatic metabolic acidosis during topiramate therapy at a dosage of 100 mg/day for three months. Stopping medication was followed by normalizat...