OBJECTIVES How to contain medical expenditures is a universal problem. The Japanese government has increased patient co-payments to control it. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether the increase in co-payments to 30 percent prevented patients with hypertension or diabetes mellitus from receiving necessary care in the Employee Health Insurance System. METHODS The subjects were 211 pa...

Due to the ever-growing usage of the computer, it has led to a rapid increment in the data that is being exchanged, published and stored in an assortment of digital form. This phenomenon has urged an active participation in the research area of the security domain. One of the main areas of this security domain in providing confidentiality, authentication and data integrity is steganography. Thi...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered a leading cause of premature cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity in general population and in individuals with known CV disease. Recent animal and clinical studies have shown that reduced number and weak function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) may not only indicate to higher CV risk, but contribute to the impaired heart and vessels reparation...

introduction: rural areas are affected by globalization and one of the globalization commitments. wto accession creates both benefits and expenditures for countries especially rural societes in new member, but preponderance of created benefits and expenditures depends on country bargaining power in negotiation process and agreement acceptation. as there is not independent and separate agreement...

Consumer payments in the United States gradually have been shifting away from paper checks for past several years. Cash use has declined as well, although at a much slower pace. As number of check decreased, those replaced with electronic and card payments. However, transition to bills not proceeded same way purchases. Using detailed consumer survey panel data collected over nine years, we trac...

background and aims: this study aimed to investigate the deaths and injuries following pedestrian traffic accidents and factors associated with death of pedestrian in tehran and alborz provinces. methods: in this cross-sectional study all traffic accidents related to pedestrians in tehran and alborz provinces reported from march 21, 2013 to march 21, 2014 by the traffic police were studied. the...

Three studies, 2 conducted in Israel and 1 conducted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, demonstrated that affirming a positive aspect of the self can increase one's willingness to acknowledge in-group responsibility for wrongdoing against others, express feelings of group-based guilt, and consequently provide greater support for reparation policies. By contrast, affirming one's group, although similarl...