safflower is a strategic plant regarding to its valuable nutrition value (45% extractable oil) and industrial uses. due to massive import of edible oil to the country as well as high potential for safflower cultivation, the research on production of safflower for oil extrusion purpose is of remarkable importance. the design of various processing and oil extraction units and also their optimizat...

background: despite the great impact of diet on the metabolic syndrome, limited data are available relating dietary energy density to this syndrome. furthermore, due to specific characteristics of diet in middle-eastern countries, looking for the association between dietary energy density and metabolic syndrome in this part of the world would be interesting. this study was performed to assess t...

overall energy efficiency (oee) is an important indicator of energy consumption in tillage operations. tillage energy was studied objectivity to accurately measure the oee of mf399-4wd tractor. the tractor was equipped with different types of sensors to measure and calibrate the required data including: fuel consumption, actual forward speed, wheel speed and slippage, engine speed, draft and dr...

Different methods of urban sewage sludge energy recovery such as burning, gasification, pyrolysis and digestion based on the net energy production efficiency, advantages and disadvantages and complexity of these processes have been investigated in this article. The best method for energy production from sludge was selected among different methods according to energy and the amount of the greenh...

energy costs comprise considerable amount of operation costs in water distribution networks. optimal management of energy costs to provide required water for consumers with desired quality is of high importance. to achieve this, optimization is defined as a powerful tool. in this paper, by focusing on operation phase, multi-objective optimization of water supply network considering hydraulic, q...

The cement industry is one of the most energy and carbon-intensive industries. The energy and carbon reduction is an important issue in this industry. The present work considers the use of alternative fuels in the cement kilns. The amounts of excess air, the location of fuel and air entrance, as well as the amount of produced gas stacks, are the main design and operational variables in the kiln...