Seasonal variations of the stable isotope, oxygen-18 (O), were used to estimate mean residence times of water in two Valley and Ridge Province watersheds in central Pennsylvania. Mean residence time was estimated by applying O input precipitation signatures to response function models that describe flow conditions in the subsurface system. Precipitation O is usually seasonally periodic; however...

Water exchange mechanisms are assessed via modelling the spatial distribution of the mean residence time in lakes and coastal areas. A grid-based numerical solution of the deterministic advection-diffusion-reaction kinetics equation with the ageing of water as transport variable is applied. The composition of residence time from times spent over separate sub-domains is handled as multi-species ...

A 2D Hydrodynamic-Particle Analysis model was applied to the Gulf of Kachchh (GoK) to estimate the residence time of pollutants. The tidal currents in the Gulf have a strong E-W component, which prevents the material in the north being transported towards south. In the regions situated very close to the open boundary, where the GoK waters exchange freely with the northern Arabian Sea, dilution ...

Drugs with prolonged on-target residence times often show superior efficacy, yet general strategies for optimizing drug-target residence time are lacking. Here we made progress toward this elusive goal by targeting a noncatalytic cysteine in Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) with reversible covalent inhibitors. Using an inverted orientation of the cysteine-reactive cyanoacrylamide electrophile, we...

A method for estimation of mean baseflow residence time in watersheds from hydrograph runoff recession characteristics was developed. Runoff recession characteristics were computed for the period 1993–96 in the 2 km2 Winnisook watershed, Catskill Mountains, southeastern New York, and were used to derive mean values of subsurface hydraulic conductivity and the storage coefficient. These values w...

Transcription comprises a highly regulated sequence of intrinsically stochastic processes, resulting in bursts of transcription intermitted by quiescence. In transcription activation or repression, a transcription factor binds dynamically to DNA, with a residence time unique to each factor. Whether the DNA residence time is important in the transcription process is unclear. Here, we designed a ...

Continuous powder mixing is an efficient alternative in high volume manufacturing of powder-based products. A new method is communicated in this paper to determine the effects of different operating conditions andmixer configurations onmixing performance. Themain idea of the proposedmethodology is the utilization of experimental residence time distribution (RTD) measurements to (a) determine th...

Although drug-target interactions are commonly illustrated in terms of structurally static binding and dissociation events, such descriptions are inadequate to explain the impact of conformational dynamics on these processes. For high-affinity interactions, both the association and dissociation of drug molecules to and from their targets are often controlled by conformational changes of the tar...

The ground level concentrations of methane in the atmosphere have been measured to be in the range from 1.45 to 1.62 parts per million by volume (ppmv) of dry air in remote locations between 62 degrees N and 54 degrees S latitudes during the time period from November 1977 to July 1979. The average (+/-rms) concentration for the northern hemisphere was 1.57 +/- 0.02 ppmv in January 1978 and 1.59...