Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and synthetic analogues thereof target conserved structures of bacterial cell envelopes and hence, development of resistance has been considered an unlikely event. However, recently bacterial resistance to AMPs has been observed, and the aim of the present study was to determine whether bacterial resistance may also evolve against synthetic AMP analogues, e.g. α-pe...

Glyphosate, the most applied herbicide globally, offers effective non-selective and post-emergent weed control. Evolution of herbicide-resistant weeds is commonly associated with recurrent application herbicides same mode action. Native to South America, hairy fleabane (Erigeron bonariensis L.) problematic in this sub-continent has previously been confirmed glyphosate resistant. This research a...

BACKGROUND Development of pyriproxyfen and neonicotinoid resistance in the B-biotype whitefly and recent introduction of the Q biotype have the potential to threaten current whitefly management programs in Arizona. The possibility of integrating the novel anthranilic diamides chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole into the current program to tackle these threats largely depends on whether the...

The worldwide dissemination of multi drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains has caused serious concern and high rate of mortality in recent decades that originate from limited effective antibiotics in the treatment of A. baumannii infections. Myxobacteria are Gram-negative bacteria that are important for their complex lifestyle and production of novel structurally secondary metabolites ...

The 2362 strain of Bacillus sphaericus, which produces a binary toxin highly active against Culex mosquitoes, has been developed recently as a commercial larvicide. It is being used currently in operational mosquito control programs in several countries including Brazil, France, India, and the United States. Laboratory studies have shown that mosquitoes can develop resistance to B. sphaericus, ...

conclusions the current study results showed that silver nanoparticles produced by plantago ovata seed extract had an antibacterial effect on staphylococcus aureus which was resistant against cefixime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and penicillin. results the silver nanoparticles revealed gaussian distributions with the average diameter of 13 nm with some deviations, and results showed that the...

This paper presents a comparative study of two evolving populations, one in a non-spatial environment, and the other in a spatial environment, playing the Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma. The effect of the environment on the emergence of cooperation is studied. The populations are evolved using a genetic algorithm and the performance of the evolved individuals evaluated against expert and naïve str...

Recent confirmation of dicamba-resistant kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott] in Alberta warrants investigation resistance to other commonly used synthetic auxin herbicides like fluroxypyr. A randomized-stratified survey 305 sites was conducted 2017 determine the status fluroxypyr-resistant kochia. Overall, 13% populations were fluroxypyr-resistant. Only 4% both fluroxypyr- and dicamba-resi...