The goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of first-line anti-tuberculosis drug resistance and risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) among young soldiers in the Korean military, which has a strict tuberculosis control program. All patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis during their service at the Armed Forces Capital Hospital from Janu...

Unlike in pulmonary multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis, the clinical outcome of MDR tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in children, including extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, is poor and management is challenging. We report the successful treatment of a case of extensively drug-resistant TBM in a 4-year-old girl, and we discuss implications for tuberculosis diagnosis and chemotherapy.

1 Tuberculosis throughout the world: a catastrophic situation With more than 2 million deaths and 9.4 million new cases per year (TB) remains a major public health concern throughout the world. Even though the World Health Organization (WHO) declared tuberculosis an international emergency in 1993, the situation has worsened due to the deterioration of socioeconomic conditions in many countries...

Antituberculosis drug resistance is increasing both in theUnitedKingdomand internationally. 2 It has come to greater public attention with the emergence of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (box 1) in South Africa, where an outbreak proved rapidly fatal among peoplewith advancedHIV infection. In this articlewe review recent global and UK trends in drug resistant tuberculosis and summarise...

Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient disease and a modern day problem. In the early 1900s, TB killed one out of every seven people living in Europe and the United States. Though no longer so frightened in these regions, TB is still a serious global public health threat. According to the 2016 WHO report, in 2015, there were an estimated 10.4 million new TB cases worldwide, 1.0 million (10%) of them w...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug susceptibility pattern of isolated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) against conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs in Dhaka, Bangladesh. METHODS Sputum samples from 101 suspected new and previously treated patients were collected and M. tuberculosis was identified by microscopic observation and Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Drug susceptibility was perform...

BACKGROUND The epidemics of HIV-1 and tuberculosis in South Africa are closely related. High mortality rates in co-infected patients have improved with antiretroviral therapy, but drug-resistant tuberculosis has emerged as a major cause of death. We assessed the prevalence and consequences of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis in a rural area in KwaZulu ...

Globally, there is substantial concern regarding the challenges of treating complex drug resistance patterns in multidrug resistant tuberculosis cases. Utilising data from three different settings (Estonia, Latvia, Romania) we sought to contrast drug susceptibility profiles for multidrug resistant tuberculosis cases, highlight the difficulties in designing universal regimen, and inform future r...