Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is one of the most common features of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Generally it can be identified through brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Typical brain MRI findings of HS are hippocampal atrophy with hyperintense signal confined to the lesion. On the other hand cortical dysplasia exhibits blurring of the g...

Probing the cortic ospinal tract integrity by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) could help to understand neurophysiological correlations of multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms. Therefore, study objective was, first, investigate TMS measures (resting motor threshold-RMT, evoked potential (MEP) latency, and amplitude) corticospinal in people with relapsing-remitting MS (pwMS). Then, examined c...

Purpose. The aim of the study was to investigate changes in iron distribution brain patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique – quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) comparison clinical data. Materials and methods. Three groups were included this prospective study: 47 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 20 secondary progressive (SPMS) 39 healthy contr...

Balo's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS). It may present as a lesior clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from brain tumour particularly on computerized tomography (CT) scans. Diagnosis only gets clear when magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI & MRS) and brain biopsy is done. We report a case of 30 year old male with progressive headache a...

Iron is considered to play a key role in the development and progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In particular, iron that accumulates in myeloid cells after the blood-brain barrier (BBB) seals may contribute to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and eventually neurodegeneration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well-established tool for the non-invasive study of MS. In recent years...

There are few longitudinal studies of cognition in patients with multiple sclerosis, and the results of these studies remain inconclusive. No serial neuropsychological data of an exclusively primary progressive series are available. Cross-sectional analyses have revealed significant correlations between cognition and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in primary progressive multiple sc...

BACKGROUND Although multiple sclerosis is considered as an inflammatory demyelinating disease of young adults, nearly 3% of patients manifest it under the age of 16 years. The aim of this study was to highlight the clinical and demographic features of early-onset multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran. METHODS This prospective study concerned multiple sclerosis patients in whom the disease start...

Several MRI contrast agents (CAs) are used in medical diagnosis that gadolinium (Gd3+) is the most widely used as contrast agents. Unfortunately, its toxicity is due to its inefficiency. In this review, we discuss about the ability of SPIONs in MRI and application in Multiple Sclerosis diagnosis. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) such as magnetite nanoparticles are used as goo...

the application of magnetic resonance to diagnostic medical imaging stands as one of the great scientific achievements in the past 50 years. magnetic resonance techniques are easily applied to organs which remain stationary during the imaging procedure, such as the brain and musculoskeletal system. imaging of moving heart structures and circulating blood is considerably more difficult.   clinic...

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE To describe the imaging findings of two cases of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) mimicking multiple sclerosis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION Two cases presenting with neurological signs and symptoms were referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of the brain. Case 1 was a 36-y...