This study presents a tool - the Landscape Identity Implicit Association Test (LI-IAT) - devoted to measure the implicit identification with European and Mediterranean landscapes. To this aim, a series of prototypical landscapes was selected as stimulus, following an accurate multi-step procedure. Participants (N = 174), recruited in two Italian cities, performed two LI-IATs devoted to assess t...

A sound base of evidence for different kinds of psychotherapy is a fundamental prerequisite for adequate access to treatment. The present article addresses the question of what kind of evidence is required to demonstrate that a specific method of psychotherapy works. Referring to recent conceptualisations of the logical structure of scientific theories, the authors argue that randomised control...

BACKGROUND the aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Delphi method in preparing hypertension guidelines for family physicians in Poland. METHODS a two-round Delphi method was used to develop guidelines for management of hypertension by the College of Family Physicians in Poland. The respondent group consisted of 36 family physicians and 19 specialists. To assess ...

This study used a theoretically-derived set of items of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment to develop the Achenbach Self-Control Scale (ASCS) for 7-16 year olds. Using a large dataset of over 20,000 children, who are enrolled in the Netherlands Twin Register, we demonstrated the psychometric properties of the ASCS for parent-, self- and teacher-report by examining internal and...

The present study was conducted to validate an adaptation of the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure (IRAP) as an indirect latency-based measure of sexual orientation. Furthermore, reliability and criterion validity of the IRAP were compared to two established indirect measures of sexual orientation: a Choice Reaction Time task (CRT) and a Viewing Time (VT) task. A sample of 87 heterosexua...

The external validity of artificial "trivial" laboratory settings is examined. Past views emphasizing generalizability of relations among conceptual variables are reviewed and affirmed, One major implication of typical challenges to the external validity of l ratory arch t ed wi h gression r search: If l borat ry es a ch ow n external validity, then laboratory studies should fail to detect rela...

Regression equations developed by Crawford, Allan & Jack (1992) to estimate full-length WAIS-R IQs from seven short-forms were evaluated in healthy (N = 153) and neurological (N = 471) cross-validation samples. In the healthy sample the correlations between the short-forms and full-length IQs did not differ significantly from those obtained by Crawford et al. (1992). In the neurological sample ...

The General Self Efficacy Scale (GSES-12) is a short version of the Sherer's Self-Efficacy Scale, and evaluates a general dimension and three aspects of self-efficacy: initiative, persistence and effort. The aim of this study is to explore the factorial structure, reliability, and criterion validity of the Spanish adaptation of the GSES-12 in general and clinical populations. The sample was com...

OBJECTIVE The aim was to review the international literature on the validity of self-report of cervical cancer screening, specifically of studies that made direct comparisons among women with and without social disadvantage, based on race/ethnicity, foreign-born status, language ability, income, or education. METHOD The databases of Medline, EBM Reviews, and CINAHL from 1990 to 2011 were sear...

In any program evaluation context, the quality and usefulness of an estimated intervention effect depends to a significant extent on its internal and external validity. If a study is internally valid, we can credibly state that the estimated impact was caused by the intervention being evaluated. If a study is externally valid, we can confidently extrapolate findings to a larger population of in...