A V-band CMOS-MEMS switchable phase shifter based on reflection-type topology is presented in this work. Phase shifter is simulated by using CMOS process. Three discrete phase states are achieved at 65GHz by using Bi-directional fishbone actuators. The measured insertion is very less and the return loss is also better than 14 dB over the 55-65GHz frequency range. It demonstrates a great potenti...

A method to intended for measurement of the insertion loss of an acoustic treatment applied to an aircraft fuselage in-situ is documented in this paper. Using this method, the performance of a treatment applied to a limited portion of an aircraft fuselage can be assessed even though the untreated fuselage also radiates into the cabin, corrupting the intensity measurement. This corrupting noise ...

Baruch for helpful comments on earlier drafts. A previous version of this paper was titled " Loss reversals and earnings-based valuation. " All errors are our own. Abstract We hypothesize that when confronted with a loss, investors price earnings conditional on the likelihood of the firm's return to profitability. We argue such pricing is consistent with the abandonment option hypothesis as des...

This paper presents an exact design technique to obtain formulas for compact quadrature hybrid coupler. We minimize the physical size based on even-and odd mode analysis. The proposed structure is relatively simple as the coupler can be fabricated on a single-layer printed circuit board. After finishing the design, full prototype of proposed coupler is fabricated and tested to validate the desi...

DWFL are considered profitable optical sources because of their advantages such as low cost, easy and affordable optical structures, low losses insertion and space optimization. Principal issue to generate two simultaneous laser lines resides in the cavity losses ad‐ justment. In DWFL designed with Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) as a gain medium there is a strong competition between the generated las...

We demonstrate the use of an area selective zinc in-diffusion process as a simple and efficient technique for the fabrication of integrated photonic devices. By controlling the profile of the diffusion front and the zinc depth the insertion losses of the devices can be minimized. Using this technique an integrated 1 2 Mach–Zehnder analog modulator was fabricated. Our experimental results demons...

We used ultrafast laser inscription to fabricate three-dimensional integrated optical transitions that efficiently couple light from a multimode waveguide to a two-dimensional array of single mode waveguides and back. Although the entire device has an average insertion loss of 5.7 dB at 1539 nm, only ≈0.7 dB is due to mode coupling losses. Based on an analysis which is presented in the paper, w...

In this paper, the performance of the ring optical network is analyzed at bit rate 2.5 Gbps and 5 Gbps for various modulation formats such as NRZ rectangular, NRZ raised cosine, RZ soliton, RZ super Gaussian, RZ raised cosine and RZ rectangular. The effect of insertion losses is analyzed. It is observed that RZ Soliton performs better than all other formats and using this scheme system can exis...

High-aspect-ratio photonic crystal air-hole fabrication on bulk Lithium Niobate (LN) substrates is extremely difficult due to its inherent resistance to etching, resulting in conical structures and high insertion losses. Here, we propose a novel coupled resonator photonic crystal (CRPC) design, combining a coupled resonator approach with that of Bragg gratings. CRPC design parameters were optim...

Symmetry is essential in the design of complex systems like Metaverse Transportation Sys-tem (MTS) and helps ensure that all components work together effectively. In development a microstrip diplexer for 5G-enabled IoT MTS, maintaining symmetry crucial to achieving flat responses with low group delays. By integrating transportation technology Metaverse, System can greatly improve effectiveness ...