Five mutant rho proteins, representing alterations at three different locations in the Escherichia coli rho gene that affect ATP hydrolytic activity but not RNA binding, were examined in vivo for function at the rho-dependent IS2 and bacteriophage lambda tR1 terminators. The altered amino acids in rho are located at highly conserved residues near the beta 1 and beta 4 strands of the hydrophobic...

OBJECTIVE Rho/Rho-kinase pathway plays pivotal roles in cardiovascular diseases including arteriosclerosis and hypertension. Recently it has become evident that C-reactive protein (CRP), a powerful marker for cardiovascular events, has direct proatherothrombotic effects on vascular cells. However, its molecular mechanism has not been fully investigated. We examined the involvement of Rho/Rho-ki...

The small GTPase Rho and its downstream effector, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (Rho-kinase), regulate a number of cellular processes, including organization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, and migration. While pharmacological inhibitors of Rho-kinase signaling are known to block renal inflammation, the molecular basis for this effect is unclear. Here, we provid...

Using ab initio calculations we have studied the energetics and the evolution of the electronic charge density with shear in three fcc metals exhibiting different deformation properties, aluminum, silver, and iridium. The charge redistribution described by the change in character of specific charge density critical points (cps), is ascertained from the values of the charge density, rho(0), and ...

The impossibility of obtaining a rho null mutant and sensitivity to bicyclomycin have indicated that rho is essential for the viability of Caulobacter crescentus. Transcription gene fusions of sequences with serial deletions of the rho 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR) with a lacZ reporter gene indicated that rho is autoregulated at the level of attenuation of transcription in the 5'-UTR.

Rho GTPases are molecular switches that regulate many essential cellular processes, including actin dynamics, gene transcription, cell-cycle progression and cell adhesion. About 30 potential effector proteins have been identified that interact with members of the Rho family, but it is still unclear which of these are responsible for the diverse biological effects of Rho GTPases. This review wil...

The ephrins, ligands of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases, have been shown to act as repulsive guidance molecules and to induce collapse of neuronal growth cones. For the first time, we show that the ephrin-A5 collapse is mediated by activation of the small GTPase Rho and its downstream effector Rho kinase. In ephrin-A5-treated retinal ganglion cell cultures, Rho was activated and Rac was downregul...

The generalized odds-rate class of regression models for time to event data is indexed by a non-negative constant rho and assumes that [formula: see text] where g: rho(s) = log(rho-1(s-rho - 1)) for rho > 0, g0(s) = log(-logs), S(t[symbol: see text]Z) is the survival function of the time to event for an individual with q x 1 covariate vector Z, beta is a q x 1 vector of unknown regression param...

Rho-associated kinases (Rho kinases), which are downstream effectors of RhoA GTPase, regulate diverse cellular functions including actin cytoskeletal organization. We have demonstrated that Rho kinases also direct the early stages of chick and mouse embryonic morphogenesis. We observed that Rho kinase transcripts were enriched in cardiac mesoderm, lateral plate mesoderm and the neural plate. Tr...

The bacterial transcription terminator, Rho, terminates transcription at half of the operons. According to the classical model derived from in vitro assays on a few terminators, Rho is recruited to the transcription elongation complex (EC) by recognizing specific sites (rut) on the nascent RNA. Here, we explored the mode of in vivo recruitment process of Rho. We show that sequence specific reco...