judicious use of the SLC linac, damping rings, and positron High-energy ring (HER) Low-energy ring (LER) source.. Particles per bunch ._, -. _ II. ROLE OF R&D PROGRAM IN OVERALL PEP-II INJECTION High-energy ring (HER) Low-energy ring (LER) The overall goals of the PEP-II Injection System are Linac repetition rate summarized in Table 1. These differ from those given in Linac current range during...

the zero-divisor graph of a commutative ring r with respect to nilpotent elements is a simple undirected graph $gamma_n^*(r)$ with vertex set z_n(r)*, and two vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if xy is nilpotent and xy is nonzero, where z_n(r)={x in r: xy is nilpotent, for some y in r^*}. in this paper, we investigate the basic properties of $gamma_n^*(r)$. we discuss when it will be eu...

Theoretical studies of Manz et al. have shown that upon excitation of a Mg-porphyrin molecule with a circularly polarized laser pulse, a ring current can be generated that is much stronger than what can be induced by means of an external magnetic field with present technology. We show that the circular dichroism signal of a Mg-porphyrin molecule that has been excited to a state with an inner ri...

We show that defects in 1D rings decrease the conductance (when the ring is opened up) many more times than it decreases the persistent currents. This means that the states in such a 1D ring are very sensitive to twisting of boundary condition but conductance of the system is small. In 1D the electron effectively sees a periodic potential and escapes localization. This does not happen in higher...

We calculate the magnetic moment (‘persistent current’) in a strongly correlated electron system — a Wigner crystal — in a one-dimensional ballistic ring. The fluxand temperature dependence of the persistent current is shown to be essentially the same as for a system of non-interacting electrons. In contrast, by incorporating into the ring geometry a tunnel barrier, that pins the Wigner crystal...

Geomagnetic storms and substorms develop under strong control of the solar wind. This is demonstrated by the fact that the geomagnetic activity indices Dst and AE can be predicted from the solar wind alone. A consequence of the strong control by a common source is that substorm and storm indices tend to be highly correlated. However, a part of this correlation is likely to be an e€ect of intern...

The existence of a ring current inside Saturn’s magnetosphere was first suggested by Smith et al. (1980) and Ness et al. (1981, 1982), in order to explain various features in the magnetic field observations from the Pioneer 11 and Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft. Connerney et al. (1983) formalized the equatorial current model, based on previous modelling work of Jupiter’s current sheet and estimated...

Recently, the last two modules (out of seven) of the ALICE High Momentum Particle Identification detector (HMPID) were assembled and tested. The full detector, after a precommissioning phase, has been installed in the experimental area, inside the ALICE solenoid, at the end of September 2006. In this paper we review the status of the ALICE/HMPID project and we present a summary of the series pr...

Extending previous studies, a full-circle investigation of the ring current has been made using Cluster 4spacecraft observations near perigee, at times when the Cluster array had relatively small separations and nearly regular tetrahedral configurations, and when the Dst index was greater than −30 nT (non-storm conditions). These observations result in direct estimations of the near equatorial ...