Aim Increasing threats to freshwater biodiversity are rapidly changing the distinctiveness of regional species pools and local assemblages. Biotic homogenization/differentiation processes are threatening the integrity and persistence of native biodiversity patterns at a range of spatial scales and pose a challenge for effective conservation planning. Here, we evaluate the extent and determinant...

By 1977, decades of development and inadequate long-term planning in Singapore had resulted in heavy pollution in the waterways of the city-state, threatening its very survival. This paper analyzes the strategies for cleaning the Singapore River and Kallang Basin as part of an overall development plan which aimed at sustained growth. It also analyzes the economic, social, and environmental dime...

1 This paper introduces the development of a dynamic parallel algorithm for conducting 2 hydrological model simulations. This new algorithm consists of a river network 3 decomposition method and an enhanced master-slave paradigm. The decomposition 4 method is used to divide a basin river network into a large number of subbasins, and the 5 enhanced master-slave paradigm is adopted to realize the...

The INCA (Integrated Nitrogen CAtchment) model is a semi-distributed, dynamic nitrogen model which simulates nitrogen fluxes in catchments. Sources of nitrogen can be atmospheric deposition, the terrestrial environment or direct discharges. The model can simulate nitrogen processes in six land use classes. There are three components included; the hydrological model, the catchment nitrogen proce...

Drought affects natural environment of an area when it persists for a longer period. So, drought forecasting plays an important role in the planning and management of natural resources and water resource systems of a river basin. During last decade neural networks have shown great ability in modeling and forecasting nonlinear and non-stationary time series. This paper compares linear stochastic...

This paper describes the usage of linked models for assessment of water quality in a river basin. River water quality model QUAL2K and the Wennerblom (Älvsborg) diffused pollution model were simultaneously applied for water quality and land-based pollution estimations. A software tool was developed to control the data flow between these models and databases. This tool provides automatic formati...

Rainbow trout native to the McCloud River, California, USA (Oncorhynchus mykiss stonei) are thought to represent a relic, nonanadromous trout adapted to harsh, fragmented environments. These fish, commonly named McCloud River 'redband' trout, survive in their most primitive form in a small, spring-fed stream, Sheepheaven Creek, in the upper McCloud River drainage. Turn-of-the-century fisheries ...

Water managers throughout the Western U.S. depend on seasonal forecasts to assist with operations and planning. In this study, we develop a seasonal forecasting model to aid water resources decision-making in the Truckee-Carson River System. We analyze large-scale climate information that has a direct impact on our basin of interest to develop predictors to spring runoff. The predictors are sno...