BACKGROUND Mixed depression (MxD) is one subtype of depressive experiences within the depressive spectrum. MxD definition is debated among experts. Koukopoulos׳ proposed diagnostic criteria focused primarily on psychic agitation, marked irritability, and intense mood lability as markers of a mixed depressive episode. The present study validates Koukopoulos׳ criteria as diagnostic for MxD. MET...

BACKGROUND The current classification dividing patients with functional gastrointestinal symptoms into subgroups remains controversial. AIMS To determine whether distinct symptom groupings exist in the community. METHODS A random sample of Sydney residents in Penrith, Australia was mailed a validated self report questionnaire. Gastrointestinal symptoms including the Rome criteria for irrita...

Background The diagnostic criteria of infant regurgitation have been well elucidated in the Rome IV and pediatricians informed them. However, as a functional disorder, is susceptible to misdiagnosis inappropriate management.
 Objective To assess pediatricians’ knowledge therapeutic approach regurgitation.
 Methods We conducted cross-sectional, analytical study using questionnaire base...

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a constellation of epigastric symptoms originating in the gastroduodenal region without organic and metabolic cause. However, similar confounding symptoms can also appear in patients with gallbladder (GB) dyskinesia. Therefore, symptoms of GB dyskinesia may be mistaken for FD. We aimed to identify GB dyskinesia as a cause of FD symptoms compatible with the Rome IV c...

Dear Editor, 1 The Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases in Shahid Beheshti Medical University (Iran) designed a cross-sectional household survey conducted from May 2006 to December 2007 in Tehran province, which aimed to find the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and Functional disorders using Rome III criteria (1, 2). A total of 18180 adult persons drawn up randomly...

The upper gastrointestinal tract is one part of the digestive system where tremendous innovations and advancements in knowledge have been recorded in the last several decades. The discovery of Helicobacter pylori by Warren and Marshal in 1983 and the introduction of Rome process for the classification, diagnosis and management of functional gastrointestinal disorders in 1990 set the stage for a...

M. Rebuzzi, F. Fasano, V. Vinicola, G. Hagberg, M. Di Mario, B. Maraviglia, and S. Capuani Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Rome, Italy, CNR-INFM SOFT, Rome, Rome, Italy, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Rome, Italy, Rehabilitation Hospital, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Rome, Italy, Neuroimaging laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Rome, Italy, Radiology, IRCCS S...