In this review, the applications of enzyme immunohistochemistry in diagnostic pathologj are discussed. Antibodies for diagnostic use are grouped into eight categories, viz, antibodies for tumour typing, for lymphocyte antigens, to hormones, peptides, amines and hormone receptors, to oncofetal antigens, to oncogenes and their products, to cell proliferation antigens, to infectious agents and for...

This paper presents an overview of the role of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis of soft tissue neoplasms. Many soft tissue neoplasms harbor characteristic translocations or amplification of gene regions, which can be assessed by FISH, and can be used to assist in their diagnosis. We discuss the major morphologic categories in which FISH has come to be used including hi...

During mitosis, human cells round up, decreasing their adhesion to extracellular substrates. This must be quickly reestablished by poorly understood cytoskeleton remodeling mechanisms that prevent detachment from epithelia, while ensuring the successful completion of cytokinesis. Here we show that the microtubule end-binding (EB) proteins EB1 and EB3 play temporally distinct roles throughout ce...

Marrow stromal cells are adult stem cells from bone marrow that can differentiate into multiple nonhematopoietic cell lineages. Previous reports demonstrated that single-cell-derived colonies of marrow stromal cells contained two morphologically distinct cell types: spindle-shaped cells and large flat cells. Here we found that early colonies also contain a third kind of cell: very small round c...

The present report describes a giant cell type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), diagnosed in soft parts of the right abdominal mammary region, in an 11-year old, 8 kg, nulliparous female Ankara (Angora) cat diagnosed in soft parts of the right abdominal mammary region. The tumor, surgically excised from the abdominal region, had a flexible consistency with ulcerated overlying skin. The ...

In the present investigation, a total number of 22 sheep and 29 goats were surveyed for abnormal masses showed frequently on the skin areas (ears, lips, trunk and perineal region) and eyes (either unilateral or bilateral) of both animals. A characteristic clinical signs represented as cachexia, emaciation, anemia and exophthalmic eye or both eyes. The excised masses appeared grossly as nodular ...

As they enter mitosis, animal cells undergo profound actin-dependent changes in shape to become round. Here we identify the Cdk1 substrate, Ect2, as a central regulator of mitotic rounding, thus uncovering a link between the cell-cycle machinery that drives mitotic entry and its accompanying actin remodeling. Ect2 is a RhoGEF that plays a well-established role in formation of the actomyosin con...

Gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors are a group of tumors originated from the mesenchymal stem cells of the gastrointestinal tract, consisting of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas or schwannomas. Gastric schwannoma is a very rare gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor, which represents only 0.2% of all gastric tumors and 4% of all benign gastric neoplasms. We rep...

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma (WDPM) is a rare subtype of malignant mesothelioma, which is considered to have low malignant potential. Because of its rare occurrence in the pleura, cytopathologists are not familiar with the cytologic features of WDPM, and to date only one report regarding the cytomorphology of aspiration biopsies of WDPM in pleura has been released. The authors pre...

Angiolipoma, spindle cell lipoma, mylelolipoma, chondrolipoma and myxolipoma are histologic variants of lipomas arising from fat tissue. Although angiolipoma is the most common tumor in the trunk and extremities of young people, it occurs infrequently in the head and neck region. The authors present the clinical and histological features of a non-infiltrating angiolipoma excised from the cheek ...