We analyze the dynamics of fast electrons in plasmas containing partially ionized impurity atoms, where the screening effect of bound electrons must be included. We derive analytical expressions for the deflection and slowing-down frequencies, and show that they are increased significantly compared to the results obtained with complete screening, already at subrelativistic electron energies. Fu...

Some animal groups, such as birds, seem prone to extreme forms of sexual selection. One contributing factor may be sex linkage of genes affecting male displays and female preferences. Here we show that sex linkage can have substantial effects on the genetic correlation between these traits and consequently for Fisher's runaway and the good-genes mechanisms of sexual selection. Under some kinds ...

Li-ion cell thermal-runaway failures can occur due to poor cell or battery-pack design (electrochemical or mechanical), manufacturing flaws, external abuse, and poor charger or system design. Fortunately, a procedure for detecting future failures shows promise. Internal cell faults continue to lead to thermal runaway failures in Li-ion battery packs used in the field. Though these events are ra...

Negative masses, even if isolated, imply self-acceleration, hence a catastrophic world. Abstract The conjecture of the existence of negative masses together with ordinary positive masses leads to runaway motions even if no self-reaction is considered. Pollard and Dunning-Davies have shown other constraints as a modiication of the principle of least action and that negative masses can only exist...

Treatment evaluation for alcohol problem, runaway adolescents and their families is rare. This study recruited primary alcohol problem adolescents (N = 119) and their primary caretakers from two runaway shelters and assigned them to (a) home-based ecologically based family therapy (EBFT), (b) office-based functional family therapy (FFT), or (c) service as usual (SAU) through the shelter. Findin...

It is shown that electron-positron pair production is expected to occur in post-disruption plasmas in large tokamaks, including JET and JT-60U, where up to about 10(14) positrons may be created in collisions between multi-MeV runaway electrons and thermal particles. If the loop voltage is large enough, they are accelerated and form a beam of long-lived runaway positrons in the direction opposit...

Assignments based on dynamic simulation of a batch reactor and a semi-batch reactor in which exothermic reactions are conducted, are used to teach students the various aspects of process safety. The students can observe temperature runaway taking place because of incidents, such as overcharging, cooling water failure, pipe blockage and excessive initial heating. They can derive various strategi...

We develop a semiempirical grey radiative model to quantify Titan's surface temperature as a function of pressure and composition of a nitrogen-methane-hydrogen atmosphere, solar flux and atmospheric haze. We then use this model, together with non-ideal gas-liquid equilibrium theory to investigate the behavior of the coupled surface-atmosphere system on Titan. We find that a volatile-rich Titan...

Motivated by the applications of routing in PCB buses, the Rectangle Escape Problem was recently introduced and studied. In this problem, we are given a set of rectangles S in a rectangular region R, and we would like to extend these rectangles to one of the four sides of R. Define the density of a point p in R as the number of extended rectangles that contain p. The question is then to find an...

For a cosmological first-order electroweak phase transition, requiring no sphaleron washout of baryon number violating processes leads to lower bound on the strength transition. The velocity boundary between phases, so-called bubble wall, can become ultra-relativistic if friction due plasma particles is not sufficient retard wall's acceleration. This ``runaway'' should occur successful asymmetr...