The study comparatively identified the benefits of mobile telephone to users in selected rural and urban locations in Obio/Akpor local government area of Rivers State, Nigeria. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used in selecting 60 rural and 60 urban phone users to have a total sample size of 120 respondents. Structured questionnaire was used to generate data that were analy...

Hospital effluents represent an important source for the release of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria into the environment. This study aims to determine concentrations of various antibiotics in wastewater before and after wastewater treatment in a rural hospital (60 km from the center of Hanoi) and in an urban hospital (in the center of Hanoi) in Vietnam, and it aims to explore the ...

The present study was conducted to investigate the social and demographic analysis of urban-rural disparities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2010. Multi-stage random sampling method was used for selection of sample size by taking 1320 and 720 respondents from the urban and rural areas of the province respectively. Chi-square test was used for ascertaining the association between the att...

In modern society, even if rural people are no longer strangers to computer, the problems concerning the service efficiency of Computer in rural areas and the Computer use education for peasants also arise accordingly. By combining macro-level sampling questionnaire survey and micro-level observational interview with regular evaluation, this study places the interviewees from rural areas in the...

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are serious global public health problems with a prevalence of 10-15% with majority of the cases seen in the developing countries including Pakistan. It is a blood borne infection transmitted by infected blood and blood products through transfusions, contaminated needles, vertical transmission, unsafe sex and reuse of razors by barbers. The literature sear...

CONTEXT HIV/AIDS is occurring with increasing frequency in rural areas of the United States, and people living with HIV/AIDS in rural communities report higher levels of perceived stigma than their more urban counterparts. The extent to which stigmatized individuals perceive stigma could be influenced, in part, by prevailing community attitudes. Differences between rural and more metropolitan c...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship of snacking during school hours, sleep time, and breakfast consumption by weight status of Iranian high school girls in urban and rural areas in Guilan Province, Iran. DESIGN Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire and measure of body weight and height. SETTING High schools in urban and rural areas in Guilan Province, northern Iran. ...

the main purpose of this study was to explore factors influencing immigration from rural to urban areas in varkaneh , a famous village and tourist destination located in western part of iran- hamedan. a questionnaire was designed and validated by a panel of experts from extension education dept. of bu-ali sina university and hamadan jihad of agriculture. its reliability was secured by cronbach’...

OBJECTIVE To examine 24/7 access to services and consultants in a sample of Canadian rural emergency departments (EDs). DESIGN Cross-sectional study-mixed methods (structured interview, survey and government data bases) with random sampling of hospitals. SETTING Canadian rural EDs (rural small town (RST) definition-Statistics Canada). PARTICIPANTS 28% (95/336) of Canadian rural EDs provid...

OBJECTIVES To compare the serum lipids levels, prevalence of dyslipidaemia, and adiposity of rural versus urban dwellers in Sokoto, Nigeria. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in both rural and urban areas of Sokoto, Nigeria. One hundred participants were recruited using a multi-stage sampling method. Demographic data and anthropometric measurements were obtained. Fasting blood was...