by determining normal ranges of spinal canal diameters we can make early diagnosis in persons who have lower diameters of spinal canal. these persons are predisposed to spinal canal stenosis that is a major cause of spinal radiculopathies. in different studies performed in several countries, minimum and maximum ranges of spinal canal diameters were different for each population. in this study, ...

spinal epidural lipomatosis is a rare condition which is described as the accumulation of fat in the extradural territory and often causes dural impingement. spinal epidural lipomatosis has been implicated in causing a variety of neurologic impairments ranging from back pain, radiculopathy, claudication, myelopathy or even cauda equina syndrome. we report a 46-year-old female with obesity and a...

Cervical radiculopathy is the result of irritation and/or compression of nerve root as it exits the cervical spine. Pain is a common presenting symptom and may be accompanied by motor or sensory deficits in areas innervated by the affected nerve root. Diagnosis is suggested by history and corresponding physical examination findings. Confirmation is achieved with MRI. A multimodal approach to tr...

where on the left hand side the coefficient of XrY s is βrβs. If n is a natural number then β(X) = β([n]X), where [n]X = [n]F X is the n-series. We alse have β(X)−1 = β([−1]X), where F ([−1]X,X) = 0 = F (X, [−1]X). In fact, for any non-zero q ∈ Z(p), we can make sense of [q]X and β(X) = β([q]X). Now recall the Araki and Hazewinkel generators vn, wn ∈ BP2pn−2 for which v0 = w0 = p and vn ≡ wn mo...

Discal cyst is an intraspinal cyst with a distinct communication with the corresponding intervertebral disc. It is a rare condition and could present with radiculopathy similar to that caused by lumbar disc herniation. We present a patient with a large discal cyst in the ventrolateral epidural space of the 5(th) lumbar vertebral (L5) level that communicated with the adjacent 4(th) lumbar and 5(...

Chordomas are low-grade, locally invasive, frequently recurring, malignant bone tumor with poor prognosis. Cervical chordoma in adults is rare and often missed when patients present cervical radiculopathy. They can mimic other tumors and, hence require histologic distinction for prognostic risk stratification optimal treatment. We a 61-year-old male chronic neck pain sensory neuropathy bilatera...

OBJECTIVE To describe the use of intermittent cervical traction in managing 4 patients with cervical radiculopathy and large-volume herniated disks. CLINICAL FEATURES Four patients had neck pain radiating to the arm. The clinical examination was typical in all cases for radiculopathy of cervical origin. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine revealed large-volume herniated dis...