In this paper, an approach to analyze the observability and controllability of sandwich systems with backlash is proposed. In this method, a non-smooth state-space function is used to describe the sandwich systems with backlash which are also non-smooth non-linear systems. Then, a linearization method based on non-smooth optimization is proposed to derive a linearized state-space function to ap...

A higher order displacement based formulation has been developed to investigate the plane strain edge vibrations or end modes in composite laminated sandwich plates. The formulation has been applied as an illustration, to the laminated sandwich plates made up of transversely isotropic laminae with the axes of symmetry lying in the plane of the lamina and core in-between. The results for isotrop...

The effects of adding an extra layer within a sandwich panel and two different core types in top and bottom cores on low velocity impact loadings are studied experimentally in this paper. The panel includes polymer composite laminated sheets for faces and the internal laminated sheet called extra layer sheet, and two types of crushable foams are selected as the core material. Low velocity impac...

This study analyzes the free vibration, forced vibration, resonance, and stress wave propagation of orthotropic sandwich plates made of functionally graded materials (FGMs). Dynamic analyses are conducted using a mesh-free method based on first-order shear deformation theory and the shape functions constructed using moving least squares approximation. The sandwich plates are rested on a Pastern...

Steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich panels are composed of two steel plates with low thicknesses and high densities and strengths and one thick layer between both plates with low strength and density known as core that is composed of concrete. Cohesive material-epoxy resin or shear connectors are usually used to connect the plates to the concrete core. SCS sandwich composites are being develope...

sandwich panels as composite materials have two external walls of either metallic or polymer type. the space between these walls is filled by hard foam or other materials and the thickness of different layers is based on the final application of the panel. in the present work, the extent of variation in core density of polyether urethane foam and subsequent flexural and compressive changes in s...