Saturated heterocycles, such as THFs, pyrrolidines, piperidines and THPs, are essential components of many biologically active compounds. Examples of C-H functionalization on these important ring systems remain scarce, especially at unactivated positions. Here we report the development of conditions for the palladium-catalyzed stereoselective C(sp3)-H arylation at unactivated 3-positions of 5- ...

BACKGROUND The fatty acid content and saturation degree of the diet can modulate HDL composition and cholesterol efflux. OBJECTIVE We studied the modifications in plasma lipoprotein particles and serum capacity to stimulate cholesterol efflux induced by different fatty acids. DESIGN Seventeen women and 24 men followed in the same sequence 4 diets containing 35% of total energy as fat. The s...

BACKGROUND Current dietary guidelines recommend that dietary fat should comprise 20-35% percent of total energy intake, with less than 10% of energy from saturated fat. However, many Americans exceed these goals and data suggest that African Americans tend to consume a higher percentage of energy from dietary fat than Whites. Because diets low in dietary fat, particularly saturated fat, are ass...

For the numerical simulation of flow and transport through a vertical cross-section of a heterogeneous soil, the combined flow and transport model described by Yeh et al. (1993) (henceforth referred to as "MMOC2") is used and modified for the purposes of this study. This chapter summarizes the main features of MMOC2 and the conceptual changes from the description in Yeh et al. (1993). For the d...

Epidemiological data and results from animal studies indicate that imbalances in maternal nutrition impact the expression of metabolic disorders in the offspring. We tested the hypothesis that consumption of excess saturated fats during pregnancy and lactation contributes to adult metabolic dysfunction and that these disturbances can be further influenced by the postweaning diet. Adult male off...

Previous reports show that obesity predicts biochemical failure after treatment for localized prostate cancer. Since obesity is associated with increased fat consumption, we investigated the role that dietary fat intake plays in modulating obesity-related risk of biochemical failure. We evaluated the association between saturated fat intake and biochemical failure among 390 men from a previousl...

INTRODUCTION Excess intakes of energy, sodium, saturated fat, and trans fat are associated with increased risk for cardiometabolic syndrome. Trends in fast-food restaurant portion sizes can inform policy decisions. We examined the variability of popular food items in 3 fast-food restaurants in the United States by portion size during the past 18 years. METHODS Items from 3 national fast-food ...

OBJECTIVE To determine changes in the nutritional content of children's menu items at U.S. restaurant chains between 2010 and 2014. METHODS The sample consisted of 13 sit down and 16 fast-food restaurant chains ranked within the top 50 US chains in 2009. Nutritional information was accessed in June-July 2010 and 2014. Descriptive statistics were calculated for nutrient content of main dishes ...

BACKGROUND Lack of association between fat intake and breast cancer risk in cohort studies might be attributed to the disregard of temporal effects during adolescence when breasts develop and are particularly sensitive to stimuli. We prospectively examined associations between adolescent fat intakes and breast density. METHOD Among 177 women who participated in the Dietary Intervention Study ...