protection of water resources from contamination and detection of the contaminants and their treatments are among the essential issues in the management of water resources. in this work, the time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ert) surveys were conducted along 7 longitudinal lines in the downstream of the latian dam in jajrood (iran), in order to detect the contamination resulting fro...

in this paper, our purpose is twofold. firstly, the tensor andresiduum operations on $l-$nested systems are introduced under thecondition of complete residuated lattice. then we show that$l-$nested systems form a complete residuated lattice, which isprecisely the classical isomorphic object of complete residuatedpower set lattice. thus the new representation theorem of$l-$subsets on complete re...

We describe new developments in SRI’s lattice-based progressive search strategy. These developments include the implementation of a new bigram lattice algorithm, lattice optimization techniques, and expansion of bigram lattices to trigram lattices. The new bigram lattice generation algorithm is based on generation of backtrace entries using a word-dependent N-best list decoding pass, followed b...

Rough set theory and formal concept analysis are two complementary mathematical tools for data analysis. In this paper, we study the reduction of the concept lattices based on rough set theory and propose two kinds of reduction methods for the above concept lattices. First, we present the sufficient and necessary conditions for justifying whether an attribute and an object are dispensable or in...

abstract saturated water content is one of the important parameters which its measurement is necessary in estimation of soil water retention and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curves. in several researches, saturated water content is assumed to be equal to soil total porosity. in some others, its value is estimated by pedotransfer functions using readily available parameters, such as bulk d...

mathematical simulation of flow toward drains is an important and indispensable stage in drainage design and management. many related models have been developed, but most of them simulate the saturated flow toward drains without a due consideration of the unsaturated zone. in this study, the two dimensional differential equation governing saturated and unsaturated flow in porous media is numeri...

We present a general formula for the intent–extent mappings of a Galois lattice generated by individual descriptions which lie in any arbitrary lattice. The formulation is unique if a natural maximality condition is required. This formulation yields, as particular cases, formal concept binary Galois lattices of Wille, those de0ned by Brito or Blyth–Janowitz, as well as fuzzy or stochastic Galoi...

Given a class F of posets, let ex(F; n) denote the maximum number of covering pairs achieved by an n-element poset in F. We determine this number for the class of N-free lattices and give crude lower and upper bounds for the classes of distributive and covering lattices. The structural characterization of covering lattices leads us to a class of lattices whose elements have a bounded number of ...

Artificial spin ice lattices have emerged as model systems for studying magnetic frustration in recent years. Most work to date has looked at periodic artificial spin ice lattices. In this paper, we observe frustration effects in quasicrystal artificial spin ice lattices that lack translational symmetry and contain vertices with different numbers of interacting elements. We find that as the lat...

This paper studies the issue of similarity relations in fuzzy concept lattices. Fuzzy concepts and fuzzy concept lattices represent a formal approach to the modelling of non-sharp (fuzzy) concepts and conceptual structures in the sense of traditional (Port-Royal) logic. Applications of concept lattices are in representation of conceptual knowledge and in conceptual analysis of (fuzzy) data. Sim...