The apple proliferation (AP) disease is spread mostly by two psyllids. Each species plays a predominant role as AP vector that changes regionally. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify the AP vectors in each region where the disease is present. This research aimed at identifying the psyllid community in apple orchards from Asturias (NW Spain) and studying their possible role in AP transmiss...

Pyramid traps coated with "industrial safety yellow" exterior latex gloss enamel paint and baited with Euschistus spp. aggregation pheromone, methyl (2E,4Z)-decadienoate captured more stink bugs than all other baited and unbaited trap types in both apple and peach orchards in 2002 and 2003. Commercial sources of dispensers of methyl (2E,4Z)-decadienoate deployed in association with pyramid trap...

Three grapefruit orchards on sour orange rootstock were treated by metering DBCP (l,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane) at 56 kg(a.i.)/ha into 15 cm of water in a flood irrigation system. In orchards with 43-49% clay in the surface foot, DBCP reduced numbers of Tylenchulus semipenetrans below control levels for 1.5-2.0 years. In the 3 orchards, DBCP treatment resulted in increases in yield or fruit size...

The blue orchard bee, Osmia lignaria (Say), is a solitary bee that is an excellent pollinator of tree fruit orchards. Due to the annual rising costs of honey bee hive rentals, many orchardists are eager to develop management tools and practices to support O. lignaria as an alternative pollinator. Establishing O. lignaria pollination as a sustainable industry requires careful consideration of bo...

It was pointed out in a previous report (1) that the inorganic composition of the pulp of Fuerte avocado fruit varies according to the availability of fertilizer elements in orchard soils. Fullmer (2) has shown for these same orchards that the petioles (leaf stalks) and leaf blades from trees in orchards that have received fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium tended to contain higher...

Male fertility of crop plants is a function of pollen production and viability. In breeding, it is a requirement that there be similar fertilities among breeding parents within seed orchards. An in-vitro germination method was used in this study to determine variation in pollen viability among eight tea (Camellia sinensis) genotypes, over three flowering seasons in four isolated biclonal seed o...

Apple scab emerged as an expensive problem in apple orchards throughout the Northeastern United States in 2009. Experienced growers who had managed scab effectively for many years found themselves spray ing throughout summer to control scab that kept appearing on new leaves. Th e effort required to protect fruit from scab during summer increased production costs and represents a “loss” to apple...

We developed new integrated pest management programs for eastern U.S. peaches with minimal use of organophosphates. From 2002-2005, we assessed the ecological impacts of these reduced-risk programs versus grower standard conventional programs that still relied primarily on the use of organophosphorous and carbamate insecticides. Using a split-plot design replicated at four commercial Pennsylvan...

Brazil has the greatest insect diversity in the world; however, little is known about its scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha). Mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) have been found in at least 50% of persimmon orchards Diospyros kaki L. in the southern part of the country. In this study three new mealybug species on persimmon trees located in the Serra Gaúcha Region, RS, Brazil, namely, Anisococ...

The precise management of orchards cannot do without the support of various orchard field data, and the orchard field data server is an effective solution thereto. The orchard field data server consists of data acquisition unit, data communication unit, data analysis unit and such diversified server sockets of user terminal as supportive personal computer (PC), notebook computer, mobile phone a...