objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of dental surface treatment with er:yag , nd:yag ,co2 lasers and sodium ascorbate to recently laser bleached enamel by scanning electron microscope (sem). methods: 15caries-free extracted human third molars were selected for this study. the samples were bleached by heydent jw power activated by diode laser 810 nm. after 7 d...

Beton ringan geopolimer merupakan salah satu beton yang ramah lingkungan karena proses pembuatannya memanfaatkan prekursor berasal dari alam dan/atau limbah seperti kaolin, abu terbang, dan pozzolan lainnya. ini juga termasuk jenis inovasi memadukan kelebihan geopolimer. Penelitian menggunakan material terdiri prekursor, larutan alkali aktivator, agregat halus, superplasticizer, foam dengan tar...

Herein, we describe three advanced techniques for cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy that have recently been developed in our laboratories. The first is a new method to accurately determine the CL-efficiency of thin layers of phosphor powders. When a wide band phosphor with a band gap (Eg > 5 eV) is bombarded with electrons, charging of the phosphor particles will occur, which eventually lea...

The Scanning Confocal Electron Microscope, is an instrument which permits the observation and characterization of sub-surface structures of thick, optically opaque materials at nanometer level resolutions. The instrument merges the capabilities of the scanning, transmission and x-ray microscopes, and achieves unprecedented resolutions in optically dense materials, by implementing the technology...

synthesis, identification and thermal behavior studies of nanoparticles cobalt (ii) bromide has been studied in this research. cobalt (ii) bromide was synthesized by planetary high-energy ball mill. the general formula of this compound is cobr2.6h2o. the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and also size and structure of synthesized nanoparticl...

This research aims to study the morphology of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis infesting tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) at Lampung Bay Waters by using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The samples were obtained from body surface fuscoguttatus). has an elongated silindris with sucker in anterior and posterior. Based on results SEM , parasite a length 4 - 4.1 mm width 0.5 suckers gap midd...

This chapter focuses on the recent development and optimization of analytical electron microscopy to understand the dynamic changes in the bulk and interfaces of electrodes and electrolytes within all solidstate batteries. Three major aspects are covered: (1) design and fabrication of all solid-state batteries that remain functional after careful focused ion beam (FIB) processing; (2) enablemen...

Cathodoluminescence (CL) is light emitting phenomena induced by high energy electrons incident on materials. The CL is sometimes defined as light emission caused by the inner electronic transition between the electronic states or bands associated with excitation by the incident electron beam. The typical one is the radiative recombination of carriers in semiconductors, such as the band to band ...

Mixed morphologies of Ga-doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanostructures are synthesized by vapor transport method. Systematic scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies of different morphologies, after periodic heat treatments, gives direct evidence of sublimation. SEM micrographs give direct evidence that morphological defects of nanostructures can be removed by annealing. Ultra Violet (UV) and visible...

Structural macromolecular parameters of normal and treated (acid & alkali) polyester fibers have been investigated using Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) technique. Average diameters were calculated from Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs and mechanical parameters were estimated using Instron. Further, crystallinity parameters of the same fibers have been determined using X-ray d...