Axonal regeneration succeeds in the peripheral but not central nervous system of adult mammals. Peripheral clearance of myelin coupled with selective CNS expression of axon growth inhibitors, such as Nogo, may account for this reparative disparity. To assess the sufficiency of Nogo for limiting axonal regeneration, we generated transgenic mice expressing Nogo-C in peripheral Schwann cells. Nogo...

Current research into regeneration of the nervous system has focused on defining the molecular events that occur during regeneration. One well-characterized system for studying nerve regeneration is the sciatic nerve of rat. Numerous studies have characterized the sequence of events that occur after a crush injury to the sciatic nerve (Cajal 1928; Hall 1989). These events include axon and myeli...

Peripheral nerves undergoing degeneration are favorable material for studying the types, origins, and functions of lysosomes. The following lysosomes are described: (a) Autophagic vacuoles in altered Schwann cells. Within these vacuoles the myelin and much of the axoplasm which it encloses in the normal nerve are degraded (Wallerian degeneration). The delimiting membranes of the vacuoles appare...

Laser irradiation is one of the therapeutic methods for the recovery of degenerated peripheral nerves. The aim of the present study was to determine if low-power laser treatment stimulates the regeneration process of damaged nerves. A standardized crush to the sciatic nerve was applied to cause extensive axonal degeneration. After this procedure, low-power infrared laser irradiation was adminis...

Peripheral nerve regeneration following injury occurs spontaneously, but many of the processes require metabolic energy. The mechanism of energy supply to axons has not previously been determined. In the central nervous system, monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), expressed in oligodendroglia, is critical for supplying lactate or other energy metabolites to axons. In the current study, MCT1 is...

BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain (NPP) is likely the result of repetitive high-frequency bursts of peripheral afferent activity leading to long-lasting changes in synaptic plasticity in the spinal dorsal horn. Drugs that promote γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity in the dorsal horn provide partial relief of neuropathic symptoms. The authors examined how in vivo silencing of the GABA receptor type A...

There is considerable evidence that immunophilin ligands can promote the regeneration of axons in peripheral nerves and act as neuroprotective agents in the CNS. We have examined the effects of FK506 and GPI 1046 on the responses to partial transection of ascending spinal dorsal column axons at T9, in some cases combined with crush of one sciatic nerve. FK506 (0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg) and GPI 1046 (10...