Nrf2-mediated coordinated induction of a battery of defensive genes is a critical mechanism in cellular protection and survival. INrf2 (Keap1), an inhibitor of Nrf2, functions as an adaptor for Cul3-Rbx1 mediated degradation of Nrf2. A majority of the INrf2/Cul3-Rbx1 complex is localized in the cytosol that degrades cytosolic Nrf2. However, 10-15% of INrf2 is also localized inside the nucleus. ...

Transgenic mouse models of prostate cancer provide unique opportunities to understand the molecular events in prostate carcinogenesis and for the preclinical testing of new therapies. We studied the G T-15 transgenic mouse line, which contains the human fetal globin promoter linked to SV40 T antigen (Tag) and which develops androgen-independent prostate cancer. Using the immunohistochemistry of...

Research was done to determine if enhanced resistance to potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) late blight could be obtained by combining host plant resistance and engineered resistance. Late blight susceptible cultivars, Atlantic, and Spunta and the partially resistant cultivar Libertas were transformed with a fungal glucose oxidase gene, resulting in lines which ranged in transgene copy number from 1...

Nanoscale reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) combined with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/ MS) has been used as a method for the direct identification of multiple cytochrome P450 (P450) isoforms found in male and female rat liver. In this targeted proteomic approach, rat liver microsomes were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis...

The antidiabetic drug metformin exhibits both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity for multiple cancers including pancreatic cancer; however, the underlying mechanism of action of metformin is unclear. A recent study showed that metformin downregulated specificity protein (Sp) transcription factors (TFs) Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 in pancreatic cancer cells and tumors and this was accompanied by...

The repair of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced base lesions and single-strand breaks (SSBs) in the nuclear genome via the base excision (BER) and SSB repair (SSBR) pathways, respectively, is well characterized, and important for maintaining genomic integrity. However, the role of mitochondrial (mt) BER and SSBR proteins in mt genome maintenance is not completely clear. Here we show the pre...

It is now generally accepted that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can exist as dimers or as part of larger oligomeric complexes. Increasing evidence suggests that a dimer is the minimal functional structure, but considerable variation exists between reports of the effects of agonist ligands on quaternary structure. Many studies have intimated the existence of heterodimeric GPCR pairings. Ke...

Endothelial lipase (EL) is a phospholipase A1 (PLA1) enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids at the sn-1 position to produce lysophospholipids and free fatty acids. Measurement of the PLA1 activity of EL is usually accomplished by the use of substrates that are also hydrolyzed by lipases in other subfamilies such as phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes. In order to distinguish the PLA1 activity of EL f...

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is commonly activated in cancer; therefore, we investigated its role in hypoxia-inducible factor-1A (HIF-1A) regulation. Inhibition of PI3K in U87MG glioblastoma cells, which have activated PI3K/Akt activity secondary to phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) mutation, with LY294002 blunted the induction of HIF-1A protei...

Macrophages are vital to innate immunity, and express pattern recognition receptors and http://www.jbc.org/cgi/doi/10.1074/jbc.M114.614057 The latest version is at JBC Papers in Press. Published on December 23, 2014 as Manuscript M114.614057 Copyright 2014 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. by gest on O cber 5, 2017 hp://w w w .jb.org/ D ow nladed from Function...