whole body vibration can deteriorate health bringing about or back pain or spinal column injury, resulted from continuing exposure to vibration. also exposure to vibration can cause disorder in central nervous system and adversely influence vascular and skeletal systems. in this research, the vibration of universal 650m tractor seat and its effect on the operator in five levels of engine speeds...

17 Zimmern RL, Campbell FW, Wilkinson IMS. Subtle disturbances of vision after optic neuritis elicited by studying contrast sensitivity. Effect of seat belt legislation on the incidence of sternal fractures seen in the accident department In the United Kingdom legislation on the compulsory wearing of seat belts was introduced on 1 February 1983. Subsequently the number of front seat occupants o...

OBJECTIVE Enhanced seat belt reminders in automobiles have been shown to increase belt use rates by approximately 3 percentage points. The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of enhanced seat belt reminders on driver fatality risk. METHOD Data included all passenger vehicle driver deaths and vehicle registration counts in the United States for calendar years 2000-2007. Driver f...

Despite the fact that safety organisations recommend that children travel in the rear seat, many children under 12 years in Australia occupy the front seats of cars when they travel. While there has been some research investigating situational factors that influence where children sit, little has been reported on the psychosocial influences on parents’ decisions about children’s seating positio...

OBJECTIVES To quantify the frequency of improper child safety seat use and to identify the most common mistakes in safety seat use, so that priorities for anticipatory guidance about misuse can be identified. DESIGN Descriptive survey of types and frequency of safety seat misuse. SETTING Eleven safety seat "checkups" sponsored by the Louisiana SAFE KIDS Coalition in southeastern Louisiana i...

This study developed anthropometric information on U.S. firefighters to guide fire-apparatus seat and seatbelt designs and future standards development. A stratified sample of 863 male and 88 female firefighters across the U.S. participated in the study. The study results suggested 498 mm in width, 404 mm in depth, and 365-476 mm in height for seat pans; 429-522 mm in width and 542 mm in height...

We study stochastic programming formulations for the origindestination model in airline seat allocation under uncertainty. In particular, we focus on solving the stability issues of the traditional probabilistic model by purposefully underestimating the demands. The stochastic seat allocation models assume at least the possession of the distributional information, which is usually difficult to ...

The performance of a product depends on if it is created in terms of expected functional requirements. A product is designed to satisfy some certain tasks. In this study, the design of an automobile seat is handled. Automobile seat design procedure is based on experience and trial-and-error method, rather than structured and scientific methods. Axiomatic design is a design theory providing a sy...

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis whether weight transfer during sit-to-stand (STS) is the result of coordinated ground forces exerted by buttocks and feet before seat-off. Whole-body kinematics and three-dimensional ground forces from left and right buttock as well as from left and right foot were recorded for seven adults during STS. We defined a preparatory phase from onse...

OBJECTIVE To determine how modifications of key chair design aspects, such as seat height, posterior seat tilt, backrest recline, seat compressibility, and armrest placement, affect how older adults rise from a chair and the seating comfort they experience. DESIGN Cross-sectional comparison. SETTING Congregate housing facility and university laboratory. SUBJECTS Two groups of volunteers, ...