Four cereals, Hordeum vulgare (barley), Triticum aestivum (wheat), Secale cereale (rye), and Avena safiva (oat), were grown in a defined nutritional medium with and without the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices. Levels of soluble and cell wall-bound secondary metabolites in the roots of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants were determined by high-performance liquid chromatograp...

Abstract Claviceps purpurea causing ergot maintains to be a problem in commercial cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS)-based hybrid rye growing. The fungal spores compete with pollen during flowering and incidence is reduced highly pollen-shedding stands. This study was carried out identify maternal differences infection the absence of pollen. Ten male-sterile single crosses were tested by needle spr...

BACKGROUND Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an economically important crop, exhibiting unique features such as outstanding resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and high nutrient use efficiency. This species presents a challenge to geneticists and breeders due to its large genome containing a high proportion of repetitive sequences, self incompatibility, severe inbreeding depression and tissue cu...

A rapid fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was optimized and validated for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in rye and rye crispbread. Samples were extracted with a mixture of acetonitrile/water (60:40, v/v) and purified by SPE-aminopropyl column clean-up before performing the FPIA. Overall mean recoveries were 86 and 95% for spiked rye and rye crispbread with relative standard...

Highly purified phytochrome samples from rye (Secale Cereale cv. Cougar) were fractionated by ultracentrifugation in isokinetic sucrose density gradients. Three protein species were separated with estimated sedimentation coefficients of 6.5S, 8.0S, and 11.5S. The 6.5S and 8.0S forms contained photoreversible phytochrome and produced a single subunit of 120,000 molecular weight upon reduction an...

Increasing the chilling time from 1 to 8 weeks decreased the time to heading of winter rye (Secale cereale var. Sangaste) to approximate that of the spring variety (Prolific). On a dry weight basis, the total phospholipid content of the embryos was higher in Sangaste but declined in both varieties during chilling. The proportions of the individual phospholipid components were similar for both v...

Primary leaves of rye (Secale cereale L. cv. Kustro) show a heterogeneous, tissue-specific pattern of flavonoids being composed of the two C-glycosylflavone glycosides isovitexin 2"-0-arabinoside and isovitexin 2"-0-galactoside (located in the epidermal layers) [1, 2], the two flavone glycosides luteolin 7O-diglucuronide and luteolin 7-O-diglucuronide 4'O-glucuronide [3] and the two anthocyanin...