Disposable solid-phase microextraction fibers (SPMEs) were used to measure the availability of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its two primary transformation products, 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2ADNT) and 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4ADNT). The SPMEs (85-microm polyacrylate) and sediment-dwelling oligochaetes (Tubifex tubifex) were exposed to TNT-spiked sediment, to TNT-spiked sediment amende...

Elevated suspended sediment concentrations in fluvial environments have important implications for system ecology and even small concentrations may have serious consequences for sensitive ecosystems or organisms, such as freshwater pearl mussels (Margaritifera margaritifera). Informed decision making is therefore required for land managers to understand and control soil erosion and sediment del...

The accumulation kinetics of the amphipod Diporeia sp. for sediment-sorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) congeners were measured where the contact time between the PAH congeners and the sediments varied between 3 and 150 d. Diporeia were exposed to a reference sediment dosed with two radiolabeled PAHs (phenanthrene and pyrene) and to sediments dosed with the two radiotracers and a mixtu...

Increasing sediment input into coastal environments is having a profound influence on shallow marine habitats and associated species. Coral reef ecosystems appear to be particularly sensitive, with increased sediment deposition and re-suspension being associated with declines in the abundance and diversity of coral reef fishes. While recent research has demonstrated that suspended sediment can ...

[1] Mechanistic models for sediment transport on hillslopes are needed for applications ranging from landscape evolution to debris-flow hazards. Progress has been made for soil-mantled landscapes; however, little is known about sediment production and transport in bedrock landscapes that often maintain a patchy soil mantle, even though slopes exceed the angle of repose. Herein we investigate th...

Sediment is a major agricultural pollutant threatening water quality. Vegetated buffers, including vegetative filter strips, riparian buffers, and grassed waterways, are best management practices (BMPs) installed in many areas to filter sediments from tailwaters, and deter sediment transport to water bodies. Along with reducing sediment transport, the filters also help trap sediment bound nutri...

Geochemical analysis of suspended sediment is a key requirement in nutrient and contaminant transfer studies, but the collection of fluvial suspended sediment samples is problematic due to the highly episodic nature of its transport. Traditional approaches involve the collection of instantaneous samples, but uncertainties regarding intraand inter-storm variations in sedi­ ment-associated nutrie...

Climate change scenarios indicate that most glaciers in Norway will have disappeared by the year 2100. As the downstream river reaches are often completely dominated by glacial sediments, large environmental changes are expected. This paper discusses and reviews sediment transport studies in order to deduce the impact of climate change on the sediment delivery of glaciers. Sediment monitoring p...

Strategic efforts to abate sediment in impaired watersheds face numerous challenges in achieving tangible water quality improvements that are measurable, attributable to project actions, and focused on principle causative sources. As part of a small watershed sediment control strategy, the Soque River Watershed Partnership will examine the feasibility of conducting sediment source assessments f...

So far, many attempts have been made to identify the relation between discharge and suspended sediment load.Empirical relations such as sediment rating curves are often applied to determine the average relationship between discharge and suspended sediment load. This type of models generally underestimates or overestimateswhen sediment load are estimated from water discharge using least squares ...