a bilingual corpus is considered as a very important knowledge source and an inevitable requirement for many natural language processing (nlp) applications in which two languages are involved. for some languages such as persian, lack of such resources is much more significant. several applications, including statistical and example-based machine translation needs bilingual corpora, in which lar...

objectives : bayley scales of infant & toddler development is a well-known diagnostic developmental assessment tool for children aged 1–42 months. our aim was investigating validity & reliability of this scale in persian speaking children. materials & methods: the method was descriptive-analytic. translation- back translation and cultural adaptation was done. content & face validity of tranlate...

This paper explores the influence of communicative interaction on the form of graphical representations. A referential communication task is described which involves exclusively graphical dialogue. In this task subjects communicate about pieces of music by drawing. The drawings produced fall into two basic types: Abstract and Figurative. Three hypotheses are developed about the factors influenc...

This paper attempts to discuss the importance, relevance and validity of the concept of equivalence as a constitutive notion in translation theory. Equivalence is defined as a relation that holds between a Source Langue (SL) text and a Target Language (TL) text. Our conception of equivalence is supported by a modern text-linguistic theory that considers that the text is the unit of analysis of ...

Many image-to-image (I2I) translation problems are in nature of high diversity that a single input may have various counterparts. The multi-modal network can build many-to-many mapping between two visual domains has been proposed prior works. However, most them guided by sampled noises. Some others encode the reference image into latent vector, which would eliminate semantic information image. ...