Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of spatially distributed wireless sensor nodes. Each sensor node cooperate with each other to monitor and collect data pertaining to physical or environmental conditions such as temperature, pressure, motion, sound, and other phenomena. Localization is an essential issue in wireless sensor networks because many applications require the sensor nodes to kno...

Network lifetime is a critical issue in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In which, a large number of sensor nodes communicate together to perform a predetermined sensing task. In such networks, the network life time depends mainly on the lifetime of the sensor nodes constituting the network. Therefore, it is essential to balance the energy consumption among all sensor nodes to ensure the networ...

Wireless sensor networks are envisioned to consist of many small devices that can sense the environment and communicate the data as required. The most critical requirement for widespread sensor networks is power efficiency since battery replacement is not viable. Many protocols attempt to minimize the power consumption by using complex algorithms. However, it is difficult to perform these compl...

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are taking a big step forward to productive deployments. Heterogeneous WSNs are gaining importance. Complex problem settings consisting of different environmental conditions require specific sensor nodes for the individual tasks resulting in heterogeneous networks. As the different types of sensor nodes may be incompatible, a more general management architecture ...

The Wireless Sensor Network can be divided in to two parts: one that contains the colossal amount of sensor nodes and the other which includes the network formed by those sensor nodes. The sensor nodes are equipped with limited resources. Consequently, WSNs face the problems like partitioned WSNs due to which sensed data gets discarded by the base station, data inconsistency problem, and energy...

One of the major task of wireless sensor network is to sense accurate data from the physical environment. Hence in this paper, we develop an estimated data accuracy model for randomly deployed sensor nodes which can sense more accurate data from the physical environment. We compare our results with other information accuracy models and shows that our estimated data accuracy model performs bette...

A sensor network is made up of numerous small independent sensor nodes with sensing, processing and communicating capabilities. The sensor nodes have limited battery and a minimal amount of on-board computing power. This paper presents a novel methodology that utilizes source and path redundancy technique to effectively reduce the required energy consumption while at the same time maximize the ...

Wireless sensor networks comprise of small nodes with sensing, computation and wireless communication capabilities. The energy efficiency is a substantial key design issues in such networks. An efficient routing protocol is critical to prolong the life of sensor nodes. Several methods for transmitting data in randomly deployed sensor nodes have been proposed, including direct communication, fla...

An attacker can capture and compromise sensor nodes, takes the confidential information from sensor nodes and create various attacks with these replicas. An adversary can create mobile replicas of sensor nodes, to transmit fake data, to handle and control the network operations. The Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT) and quarantine defense strategies were proposed to detect and optimise m...

Constrained by the physical environments, the long-thin topology has recently been promoted for many practical deployments of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In general, a long-thin topology is composed of a number of long branches of sensor nodes, where along a branch each sensor node has only one potential parent node toward the sink node. Although data aggregation may alleviate excessive pa...