Second, the passive construction (‘has been discussed’) not only forces the use of the auxiliary verb ‘to be’, but also reduces energy by removing the agent of the action from the sentence. As Richard Lanham pointed out, you can’t tell ‘who’s kicking who?’ (sic) in a sentence in the passive voice [1]. Accordingly, in the example above you can’t tell who is doing the ‘discussing’. Traditionally,...

One of the most distinctive linguistic characteristics of modern academic writing is its reliance on nominalized structures. These include nouns that have been morphologically derived from verbs (e.g., development, progression) as well as verbs that have been ‘converted’ to nouns (e.g., increase, use). Almost any sentence taken from an academic research article will illustrate the use of such s...

This paper presents ArgRewrite, a corpus of between-draft revisions of argumentative essays. Drafts are manually aligned at the sentence level, and the writer’s purpose for each revision is annotated with categories analogous to those used in argument mining and discourse analysis. The corpus should enable advanced research in writing comparison and revision analysis, as demonstrated via our ow...

Hedging and boosting or ‘pembentengan’ (Indonesian) is the act of scientific writers in maintaining smooth communication. This paper answers two problem formulations, i.e., what are linguistic manifestations hedges boosters Indonesian articles, how their meaning reveals writer's level confidence information conveyed. study aims to enrich description writing practices Indonesia support developme...

Despite some recent speculations about the changing methodological styles in arti cial intelligence, it is still possible to learn something by writing exploratory computer programs. This is especially true when a new processing technique or synthesis of di erent techniques is being attempted for the rst time. In this spirit, we have designed and implemented a conceptual sentence analyzer, CIRC...

This study describes the design of the NTNU-YZU system for the automated evaluation of scientific writing shared task. We employ a convolutional neural network with the Word2Vec/GloVe embedding representation to predict whether a sentence needs language editing. For the Boolean prediction track, our best F-score of 0.6108 ranked second among the ten submissions. Our system also achieved an F-sc...

The present study aimed at investigating the problems of Yemeni Master students English in writing examinations' answers faculty education/Saber -Lahij University. population was (20) master department during period 2019 to 2021 who were chosen as sample this study. data obtained from analyzing students' written for examination questions relation course semantics. difficulties viewed their exam...

This paper aimed to discuss the legal politics of regulating narcotics and illegal drugs in Indonesia. Using normative research methods, this focuses on an inventory positive law, principles doctrines, findings cases concreto, systematics, comparative history. The writing scientific uses primary materials secondary materials. Primary are form laws regulations related issues raised, including La...