Expert summarizers employ a number of strategies to produce summaries. Teachers need to identify which strategies are used by students to help them improve their summary writing. However, the task is time consuming. This paper reports on our effort to develop an algorithm to identify the summarizing strategies employed by students using summary sentence decomposition. The summarizing strategies...

PARSEC1, a text-based and spoken language processing framework based on the Constraint Dependency Grammar (CDG) developed by Maruyama [26,27], is discussed. The scope of CDG is expanded to allow for the analysis of sentences containing lexically ambiguous words, to allow feature analysis in constraints, and to efficiently process multiple sentence candidates that are likely to arise in spoken l...

Contracts is a computer program designed for first year undergraduates studying Obligations in Glasgow University's School of Law, written by Paul Maharg and Professor Joe Thomson. It aims to improve students' written work by • introducing the skills of legal problem-solving • illustrating the major stages of the writing process • asking students to analyse their own writing processes • present...

the purpose of the present study was to explore the effectiveness of raising iranian learners’ pragmatic awareness of intercultural rhetoric in enhancing their l2 writing ability, as well as their written complexity and accuracy. to this end, two 25-member groups of efl learners who were taking basic writing course at islamic azad university, roudehen branch, were selected based on their perfor...

Writing is a demanding, personal task. Any piece of writing, scientific or not, assumes the personality and philosophy of the writer. All writing styles are more or less arbitrary, and preferences vary widely. One cannot argue that a single style or approach is best, for the variations (even with ‘‘good’’ writing) are infinite. However, all agree that clear, concise writing most effectively com...

This paper describes the Post-Editor Z system submitted to the L2 writing assistant task in SemEval-2014. The aim of task is to build a translation assistance system to translate untranslated sentence fragments. This is not unlike the task of post-editing where human translators improve machine-generated translations. Post-Editor Z emulates the manual process of post-editing by (i) crawling and...

The nature of hand-action representations evoked during language comprehension was investigated using a variant of the visual-world paradigm in which eye fixations were monitored while subjects viewed a screen displaying four hand postures and listened to sentences describing an actor using or lifting a manipulable object. Displayed postures were related to either a functional (using) or volume...

In this paper titled “Framework to evaluate the severity of spelling mistake during answer evaluation process”, discusses a framework for various types of spelling errors occurs during writing a sentence and the severity of the mistake. The examples included in this paper are based on the analysis of writing samples collected for the answer evaluation and other researchers discussed on their pa...

Much of the writing styles recognized in rhetorical and composition theories involve deep syntactic elements. However, most previous research for computational stylometric analysis has relied on shallow lexico-syntactic patterns. Some very recent work has shown that PCFG models can detect distributional difference in syntactic styles, but without offering much insights into exactly what constit...

We describe the system entered by the National Research Council Canada in the SemEval-2014 L2 writing assistant task. Our system relies on a standard Phrase-Based Statistical Machine Translation trained on generic, publicly available data. Translations are produced by taking the already translated part of the sentence as fixed context. We show that translation systems can address the L2 writing...