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BACKGROUND We measured the shape of the head of the caudate nucleus with a new approach based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) subjects in whom we previously reported decreased caudate nucleus volume. We believe MRI shape analysis complements traditional MRI volume measurements. METHODS Magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to measure the shap...

OBJECTIVE The morphological and color characteristics of the tongue sublingual veins (SLVs) can manifest differently within the subjects, depending on the way their tongue is curled upward. This study was conducted in order to investigate the clinical relevancy of tongue SLV diagnosis in relation to menstrual clinical symptoms (pain, clots, heavy, and scanty), using three different inspection p...

The eye lens grows throughout life by cell accrual on its surface and can change shape to adjust the focussing power of the eye. Varying concentrations of proteins in successive cell layers create a refractive index gradient. The continued growth of the lens and age-related changes in proteins render it less able to alter shape with loss of capacity by the end of the sixth decade of life. Growt...

We present a typed λ-calculus for recording resource separation constraints between terms. The calculus contains a novel way of manipulating nested multi-place contexts augmented with constraints, allowing a concise presentation of the typing rules. It is an extension of the affine αλ-calculus. We give a semantics based on sets indexed by resources, and show how the calculus may be extended to ...

Accurate detection of weeds in farmland can help reduce pesticide use and protect the agricultural environment. To develop intelligent equipment for weed detection, this study used an imaging spectrometer system, which supports micro-scale plant feature analysis by acquiring high-resolution hyper spectral images of corn and a number of weed species in the laboratory. For the analysis, the objec...

Cross incompatibility of wild Manihot species with cassava (M. esculenta) can impede their utilization for improving this cultigen. We tested whether compatibility could be determined based on electrophoresis results. Manihot pilosa, M. glaziovii, M. reptans, and M. cearulescens were tested. These species were allowed to hybridize with cassava to determine whether hybridization coincides with t...

Microphysical properties and chemical compositions of aerosol particles determine polarized radiance distribution in the atmosphere. In this paper, the influences of different aerosol properties (particle size, shape, real and imaginary parts of refractive index) on Stokes parameters of polarized skylight in the solar principal and almucantar planes are studied by using vector radiative transfe...

The transition dipole moment of organic dyes PM546 and rhodamine 123 is calculated from fluorescence lifetime measurements in solutions of different refractive index. A model proposed by Toptygin et al (2002 J. Phys. Chem. B 106 3724-34) provides a relationship between the radiative rate constant and refractive index of the solvent, and allows the electronic transition dipole moments to be foun...

Keywords: Red blood cell Light scattering Discrete sources method a b s t r a c t An efficient method for the fast detection of properties of a single erythrocyte from its scattering characteristics is needed in practice. To develop such a method a detailed investigation of the light scattering properties of the erythrocyte and their dependence on its shape and refractive index is of great inte...