Background One of the most controversial issues related to the human embryo is the determination of the moment when an embryo is considered a human being and acquires a moral status. Although personhood and moral status are frequently mentioned in medical ethics, they are considered interdisciplinary as concepts that shape the debate in medical law (fiqh) since their consequences are influentia...

this paper is a comparative study of legal aspect of islamic securities (sukuk), between iran (as shia fiqh) malaysia (as the first country that issued sukuk based on sonni fiqh) and england (as a chief western country in sukuk). results indicate many similarities between iran and malaysia rules despite specifications with england rules. different in definition of contract, asset valuation, lim...

[1] A two-dimensional transport model constrained to measured surface CO2 concentrations was used to simulate the spatial and temporal variation of CO2 in the atmosphere for the period from 1975 to 2004. We find that the amplitude, phase and shape of the CO2 seasonal cycle vary as a function of both altitude and latitude. Cross tropopause exchanges, especially the downward branch of the Brewer-...

Mastermind game is a two players zero sum game of imperfect information. The first player, called “codemaker”, chooses a secret code and the second player, called “codebreaker”, tries to break the secret code by making as few guesses as possible, exploiting information that is given by the codemaker after each guess. In this paper, we consider the so called Black-Peg variant of Mastermind, wher...

This article is investigating Boria which is a kind of common performance in Malaysia. Boria has been known as Boria and Borea and both are correct, but Boria is more common. Boria is a folk performance unique to Penang. This theatre style reached Penang in the mid-19th century and is believed to be derived from the Shia Islamic Passion play performed during the Muslim month of Muharram to comm...

In the past six decades, the Kuwaiti population has been exposed to rapid transformation in the quality of diet intake, daily activities, and career types. This major socioeconomic shift was accompanied by the introduction of both communicable and noncommunicable chronic diseases afflicting people of all ages. This article aims to detect a relationship between sociocultural characteristics-such...

We describe here the properties of a mutant of Chinese hamster ovary cells that expresses a conditional-lethal mutation affecting dense lysosomes. This mutant, termed V.24.1, is a member of the End4 complementation group of temperature-sensitive mutants selected for resistance to protein toxins (Colbaugh, P. A., C.-Y. Kao, S.-P. Shia, M. Stookey, and R. K. Draper. 1988. Somatic Cell Mol. Genet....

In Islam this is Gods right to rule over man and he gave according Sunni everyone who possesses some abilities mentioned in books written by jurists but Shia Muslims believe that not only God legitimate authority, He also appointed specific persons for political leadership after prophet Mohammad (peace upon him), they are twelve Imam the last Mahdi(peace him) went major occultation 941 till six...

BACKGROUND American Muslim women are an understudied population; thus, significant knowledge gaps exist related to their most basic health behaviors and indicators. Considering this, we examined American Muslim women's contraception utilization patterns. METHODS Self-reported data collected in late 2015 were analyzed. Women who identified as Muslim, were at least 18 years old, sexually active...

Kasuga, M., Zick, Y., Blithe, D. L., Crettaz, M. & Kahn, C. R. (19826) Nature (London) 298, 667-669 Kasuga, M., Zick, Y., Blithe, D. L., Karlsson, F. A., Haring, H. U & Kahn, C. R. (1982~) J . Bwl. Chem. 257, 9891-9894 Kasuga, M., Fugita-Yamaguchi, Y., Blithe, D. L. & Kahn, C. R. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A . 80, 2137-2141 Kowalski, A,, Gazzano, H., Fehlmann, M. & Van Obberghen, E. (198...