White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) occurs worldwide and causes high mortality and considerable economic damage to the shrimp farming industry. No adequate treatments against this virus are available. It is generally accepted that invertebrates such as shrimp do not have an adaptive immune response system such as that present in vertebrates. As it has been demonstrated that shrimp surviving a WSSV...

Shrimp postlarvae were reared into different microcosm systems without water exchange; a traditional system based on simple fertilization to improve microalgae concentration (control), an autotrophic system (AS) based on the promotion of biofloc and biofilm by the addition of fertilizer and artificial substrates and a heterotrophic system (HS) based on the promotion of heterotrophic bacteria by...

This study examines the ability of a temperate marine fish, Hexagrammos decagrammus, to modulate its prey capture behavior in response to differences in prey type. This species has an extremely broad diet, feeding on prey which demonstrate very different anti-capture behaviors. Video-taped attacks on three shrimp species, one crab and pieces of shrimp were analyzed to determine the relative con...

The tropical shrimp genus Synalpheus includes the only eusocial marine animals. In much of the Caribbean, eusocial species have dominated the diverse fauna of sponge-dwelling shrimp in coral rubble for at least the past two decades. Here we document a recent, dramatic decline and apparent local extinction of eusocial shrimp species on the Belize Barrier Reef. Our collections from shallow reefs ...

Recurrent outbreaks of a disease in pond-cultured juvenile and subadult Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp in several districts in China remain an important problem in recent years. The disease was characterized by "white tail" and generally accompanied by mass mortalities. Based on data from the microscopical analyses, PCR detection and 16S rRNA sequencing, a new Vibrio harveyi strain (designated as ...

White spot disease (WSD) is caused by the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), which results in devastating losses to the shrimp farming industry around the world. However, the mechanism of virus entry and spread into the shrimp cells is unknown. A binding assay in vitro demonstrated VP28-EGFP (envelope protein VP28 fused with enhanced green fluorescence protein) binding to shrimp cells. This prov...

A comparative study regarding prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio species in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius) culture environment as well as market samples were analyzed. Total Vibrio counts were found to range up to 2.5 × 10 cfu/gm and 60 cfu/gm in shrimp and Gher water samples, respectively. Results revealed that the total vibrio count were found to be high...

Results of previous research have demonstrated that shrimp production is similar at protein levels ranging from 20 to 40%, when shrimp are stocked at densities ranging from 5 to 11/m2 (TeichertCoddington and Rodriguez, 1995a). These results indicated that shrimp stocked at semi-intensive levels did not require diets containing high levels of protein. However, some think that food conversion can...

The objective of this study was to measure the effect of substituting different levels of shrimp meal (SM) for soybean meal (SBM) in broiler diets. In Experiment 1, 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% of the crude protein contributed by the SBM in broiler diets was substituted by crude protein from SM. In Experiment 2, 0, 60, 80, and 100% of the crude protein contributed by SBM in broiler diets was replaced...

A yeast culture feed supplement (Diamond V XP Yeast CultureR, Diamond V Mills, Cedar Rapids, Iowa [IA]) was assessed for its impact on disease resistance in the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Animals were fed a standard shrimp pellet diet supplemented with 0% (control with 1% grain carrier), 0.5% (with 0.5% carrier), or 1.0% XP daily for 4 weeks. To assess resistance to bacterial d...