Recently, the industry has seen an increase in the number of Pb-free solder alloy choices beyond the common neareutectic Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) alloys. New wave solder alloys have been developed with the intent of addressing concerns with copper dissolution, barrel fill, wave solder defects, and the high cost of alloys containing significant amounts of silver. Concerns regarding the poor drop/shock per...

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of four experimental primers on bond strength between a self-curing luting agent and silver-palladium-geld alloy. The experimental primers were in mixed solutions of a thiouracil primer (Metaltite) and a phosphate primer (Eprieord, PM, PE, or PP), which were designated as Meta]tite/Eprieord, Metaltite/PM, Metaltite/PE, and MetaltitelP...

As the second part to a paper presented at the 2004 SMTA Pan Pacific Symposium, this paper further summarizes the results from technical qualification of the Ni/Pd/Au process. Whereas the previous paper examined the wire bonding capabilities of this surface finish, this second paper focuses specific attention to BGA applications. In these investigations, the solder joint integrity is measured u...

The purpose of this study was to examine the dose enhancement at bone-implant interfaces from scattered radiation during simulated head and neck radiotherapy. Three cylindric implant systems with different compositions (pure titanium, titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy, titanium coated with hydroxyapatite) and a high gold content transmandibular implant system (gold-copper-silver alloy) were stud...

The original protocol for implant prosthesis recommends the use of a gold framework for acrylic and ceramic prosthesis. However, due to its high cost, the use of alternative alloys is desired. This study compares the marginal accuracy of pre-made cylinders versus plastic cylinders cast with two different base metal casting alloys. Five samples each of (1) plastic cylinder cast in cobalt-chromiu...

Motivation „ Formal techniques not yet widely adopted by programmers. „ Commercial pressure to produce higher quality software is increasing. Motivation „ Formal techniques not yet widely adopted by programmers. „ Commercial pressure to produce higher quality software is increasing. „ Software developers favour so-called lightweight techniques that provide immediate returns and sit comfortably ...