Introduction Cardiac myocyte contraction is driven by the coordinated release of Ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This release of Ca occurs through the cardiac RyR2. Physiologically, Ca release occurs in response to an influx of Ca through L-type Ca channels, via a mechanism termed CICR. This transient increase in cytosolic Ca activates the RyR2 channel as a result of Ca binding to the ...

Introduction Successful completion of chromosome segregation and cytokinesis requires the coordinated activation and inactivation of numerous mitotic regulators. Inactivation is largely brought about by ubiquitindependent proteolysis, with the relevant E3 ubiquitin ligase being the anaphase promoting complex, or cyclosome (APC/C) (Irniger et al., 1995; King et al., 1995; Sudakin et al., 1995). ...

Methotrexate (Mtx), an antifolate, is used as an anti-cancer drug in higher doses such as lymphoma, breast carcinoma, sarcoma, breast cancer (Choudhury et al., 2000; Miyazaki et al., 2003; Seigers et al., 2008; Findlay et al., 2008; D’Adamo, 2011) and also in lower doses in the treatment of rheumatic diseases, psoriasis, refractory inflammatory bowel disease since it has immunosuppressant effec...

Implementation of controlled/living radical polymerization in miniemulsion (typically with oil droplet diameter of 20-500 nm) for synthesis of well-defined, polymeric nanoparticles is of particular interest as miniemulsions possess the inherent advantage that ideally each monomer droplet is transformed into a polymer particles(Zetterlund et al., 2008). However, the high energy requirement for m...

Introduction Cardiac myocyte contraction is driven by the coordinated release of Ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This release of Ca occurs through the cardiac RyR2. Physiologically, Ca release occurs in response to an influx of Ca through L-type Ca channels, via a mechanism termed CICR. This transient increase in cytosolic Ca activates the RyR2 channel as a result of Ca binding to the ...

Introduction Cardiac myocyte contraction is driven by the coordinated release of Ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This release of Ca occurs through the cardiac RyR2. Physiologically, Ca release occurs in response to an influx of Ca through L-type Ca channels, via a mechanism termed CICR. This transient increase in cytosolic Ca activates the RyR2 channel as a result of Ca binding to the ...

In numerous and high-profile studies, researchers have recently begun to integrate computational models into the analysis of data from experiments on reward learning and decision making (Platt and Glimcher, 1999; O’Doherty et al., 2003; Sugrue et al., 2004; Barraclough et al., 2004; Samejima et al., 2005; Daw et al., 2006; Li et al., 2006; Frank et al., 2007; Tom et al., 2007; Kable and Glimche...

During the last decade many advances in a number of fields have supported the idea that a direct interface between the human brain and an artificial system, called Brain Computer Interface (BCI), is a viable concept, although a significant research and development effort has to be conducted before these technologies enter routine use. The conceptual approach is to model the brain activity varia...

Having the correct number of centrosomes is crucial for proper chromosome segregation during cell division and for the prevention of aneuploidy, a hallmark of many cancer cells. Several recent studies (Basto et al., 2008; Kwon et al., 2008; Yang et al., 2008) reveal the importance of mechanisms that protect against the consequences of harboring too many centrosomes.

In modeling heat transfer in gas-solid processing systems, five interphase thermal processes are to be considered: gas-particle, gas-wall, particle-particle, particle-wall and wall-environment. In systems with intensive motion of particles, the particle-particle and particle-wall heat transfers occur through inter-particle and particle-wall collisions so that both experimental and modeling stud...