Homotopy And Simple Homotopy Theory We may not be able to make you love reading, but abstract homotopy and simple homotopy theory will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give yo...

Homotopy And Simple Homotopy Theory Feel lonely? What about reading books? Book is one of the greatest friends to accompany while in your lonely time. When you have no friends and activities somewhere and sometimes, reading book can be a great choice. This is not only for spending the time, it will increase the knowledge. Of course the b=benefits to take will relate to what kind of book that yo...

We give here a comparison of the expected outcome theory, the expected utility theory, and the Bayesian decision theory, by way of a simple numerical toy problem in which we look at the investment willingness to avert a high impact low probability event. It will be found that for this toy problem the modeled investment willingness under the Bayesian decision theory is minimally three times high...

This paper introduces ‘harassment’ in a simple model of bribery and corruption. With fixed costs of ‘harassment’, people belonging to the higher income group enjoy more benefit relative to the poorer section of the society. An equilibrium is likely where the poor favor a system without ‘harassment’ but the affluent ones do not.

The nature of international trade is changing. For centuries, trade mostly entailed an exchange of goods. Now it increasingly involves bits of value being added in many different locations, or what might be called trade in tasks. Revolutionary advances in transportation and communications technology have weakened the link between labor specialization and geographic concentration, making it incr...

This paper presents an extended version of Church’s simple type theory called Basic Extended Simple Type Theory (bestt). By adding type variables and support for reasoning with tuples, lists, and sets to simple type theory, it is intended to be a practical logic for formalized mathematics.

In addition to classic clustering algorithms, many different approaches to clustering are emerging for objects of special nature. In this article we deal with the grouping of rows and columns of a matrix with non-negative entries. Two rows (or columns) are considered similar if corresponding cross-distributions are close. This grouping is a dual clustering of two sets of elements, row and colum...

The perceived phenomenon that huge investments in information technology (IT) over the past four decades have yielded a very small gain in productivity has been dubbed the “IT paradox.” Researchers have tried various methods to prove or disprove the “paradox.” This article highlights the challenges researchers have faced and proposes a simple theory to explain what seems to be a vanishing contr...

We have developed a formalism for describing and analyzing a very simple representative of a class of robotic tasks which involve repeated robot-environment interactions, among then the task of juggling. We review our empirical success to date with a new class of control algorithms for this task domain that we call “mirror algorithms.” These new nonlinear feedback algorithms were motivated stro...

We consider physical and mathematical aspects of the model of simple reacting spheres (SRS) in the kinetic theory of chemically reacting fluids. The SRS, being a natural extension of the hard–sphere collisional model, reduces itself to the revised Enskog theory when the chemical reactions are turned off. In the dilute–gas limit, it provides an interesting kinetic model of chemical reactions tha...