BACKGROUND Aurochs (Bos primigenius) were distributed throughout large parts of Eurasia and Northern Africa during the late Pleistocene and the early Holocene, and all modern cattle are derived from the aurochs. Although the mtDNA haplogroups of most modern cattle belong to haplogroups T and I, several additional haplogroups (P, Q, R, C and E) have been identified in modern cattle and aurochs. ...

The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence and longitudinal distribution of Escherichia coli O157 in feedlot cattle and the feedlot environment. Pen floors, water tanks, other cattle in the feedlot, feed, and bird feces were sampled for 2 weeks prior to entry of the study cattle. Twelve pens of study cattle were sampled twice weekly. At each sample time cattle feces, water from ta...

The experiment was conducted to investigate the systems of management in small scale cattle fattening programs. The data were collected through an interview schedule from 215 respondents of 24 districts in 52 upazilla who were involved in small scale cattle fattening. In this study out of 215 respondents 70.4% were farmers, 11.7% businessman, 9.18% physicians, 2.04% doctors had own land and 8.8...

Sudan possesses large population of cattle in Africa. Sudanese cattle are broadly classified into two breeds: Nilotic cattle and North Sudan Zebu cattle. Types that are related to North Sudan Zebu cattle include: Kenana, Butana (Rofaah), White Nile, Western Sudan Baggara, Foja (Dar Al-Reeh cattle), Qash cattle (Baraka cattle), Arashie cattle, Red Um Bororo, Ingessana cattle and Sudanese Fulani....

Cytokines are important immunomodulatory molecules involved in immune responses against microorganisms; they also have an important role in the setting of immune system disorders. Cytokine single nucleotide polymorphisms have been extensively studied in different, normal populations as well as in association with disease. Cytokine gene polymorphisms are potentially important as genetic predicto...

This paper reviews current knowledge of the social behavior of grazing beef cattle and discusses how that knowledge can be applied to rangeland cattle management. Cattle herds are composed of social subgroups that influence grazing distribution on rangeland. Grazing distribution is, in part, a learned response; therefore, management strategies that alter the social composition and structure of ...

The cattle market has set year-over-year record high prices since 2009. The increasing value of cattle has substantially increased the financial risk of feeding cattle, and has commensurately increased the economic losses from disease. As cattle feeding profitability continues to be challenged by the low margin between selling prices and operating costs, all facets of cattle feeding are being e...

To investigate the relationship between European starlings and bovine coccidiosis we collected samples from European starlings, cattle feed bunks, cattle water troughs, and cattle feces within concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs). These samples were screened for coccidia spp. to investigate (i) the prevalence of coccidia in starlings using CAFOs; (ii) if there is a relationship betwee...

Lasalocid, monensin or thiopeptin was administered intraruminally each at .33, .65 or 1.3 mg/kg body weight and evaluated for its effectiveness in preventing experimentally induced lactic acidosis in cattle. Four rumen-fistulated cattle were used for each dosage level and the design was a 4 x 4 Latin square with each animal receiving lasalocid, monensin, thiopeptin or no antibiotic. Acidosis wa...

background: neospora caninum is an apicomplexan protozoa,which causes abortion in cattle worldwide. objectives:the present study was designed to estimate the rate oftransplacental transmission of n.caninum to aborted fetuses inseropositive dams in dairy farms in mashhad area, iran.methods: two hundred blood samples of dam with abortedbovine fetuses were collected from dairy farms from 2008 to20...