Edge enhancement is an operation commonly employed in image processing. Usually the edge slope is steepened by the applying a linear filter that amplifies the high spatial frequency content of an image. This often results in the amplification of noise and in ringing or over-enhancement of edges that are already sharp. The rank filter is a nonlinear filter. The output value for a pixel is obtain...

0378-1127/$ see front matter Published by Elsevier http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.049 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 814 563 1040; fax E-mail address: [email protected] (A.A. Royo). Over the past century, white ash (Fraxinus americana) populations throughout its range have deteriorated as a result of declining tree health and increased mortality rates. Although co-occurring factors ...

This study aims to investigate the seismic behavior of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST)-laced piers; after verifying model through engineering tests, simplified finite element models (S-FEM) and refined ones (R-FEM) with CFST-laced piers are developed in this manuscript, respectively. Through comparison, it is found that S-FEM can effectively improve analyzing efficiency while meeting requi...