There are few reports concerning the alterations in the percent of haemoglobin saturated with oxygen (%SO2) during non-steady state incremental exercise. Further, no data exist to describe the %SO2 changes during arm exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was made to assess the dynamic changes in %SO2 during incremental arm and leg work. Nine trained subjects (7 males and 2 females) per...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that patterns of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) in the vicinity of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) before and after resection are not specific for this disease. METHODS With a microspectrophotometer, cortical oxygen saturation (So2) was measured under steady-state conditions (Paco2, 33 mm Hg) before and afte...

Natural climate variation, such as that caused by volcanoes, is the basis for identifying anthropogenic climate change. However, knowledge of the history of volcanic activity is inadequate, particularly concerning the explosivity of specific events. Some material is deposited in ice cores, but the concentration of glacial sulfate does not distinguish between tropospheric and stratospheric erupt...

Two new University of Arkansas table grape cultivars, Reliance (25% Vitis vinifera L. x 75% Vitis labrusca L.) and Saturn (78% Vitis vinifera L. x 22% Vitis labrusca L.), were stored for seven and 10 weeks at 2°C in corrugated cardboard shipping containers with five packing treatments (slow, dual, and quick-release SO2 generators and lined and unlined controls). The SO2 treatments consisted of ...

Two new University of Arkansas table grape cultivars, Reliance (25% Vitis vinifera L. x 75% Vitis labrusca L.) and Saturn (78% Vitis vinifera L. x 22% Vitis labrusca L.), were stored for seven and 10 weeks at 2°C in corrugated cardboard shipping containers with five packing treatments (slow, dual, and quick-release SO2 generators and lined and unlined controls). The SO2 treatments consisted of ...

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis phoP mutant strain SO2 has been shown previously to be more attenuated than Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and confers protective immunity against tuberculosis in mice and guinea pig models. In this study we have investigated the survival and immunological responses of Balb/c mice infected with the M. tuberculosis SO2 strain. All Balb/C mice su...

The Triassic-Jurassic boundary (Tr-J; ∼201 Ma) is marked by a doubling in the concentration of atmospheric CO2, rising temperatures, and ecosystem instability. This appears to have been driven by a major perturbation in the global carbon cycle due to massive volcanism in the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province. It is hypothesized that this volcanism also likely delivered sulphur dioxide (SO2) to...

It is vital to detect volcanic plumes as soon as possible for volcanic hazard mitigation such as aviation safety and the life of residents. Himawari-8, the Japan Meteorological Agency’s (JMA’s) geostationary meteorological satellite, has high spatial resolution and sixteen observation bands including the 8.6 μm band to detect sulfur dioxide (SO2). Therefore, Ash RGB composite images (RED: brigh...