A review of studies of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder with and without agoraphobia, and social phobia indicates that CBT is consistently more effective than waiting-list and placebo control groups. In general, CBT has proved more beneficial than supportive therapy as well. Comparisons with active behavioral treatments provide more variable re...

AIMS To examine the reciprocal effects between the onset and course of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and normative changes in personality traits of behavioral disinhibition and negative emotionality during the transition between adolescence and young adulthood. DESIGN Longitudinal-epidemiological study assessing AUD and personality at ages 17 and 24 years. SETTING Participants were recruited f...

Migration is the permanent movement of some people called migrant, from one place to another for some reasons and values. Their migration is determined by some values and goals that lead to changes in migrants’ interaction system. In human history the shape of migration was changed due to social and environmental changes. From the eve of 19 century migration became important social phenom...

social and economic structures in iran underwent much change in the 1960s and the 2000s. in the 1960s mohammad reza pahlavi launched a reform called “white revolution” or “revolution of the shah and nation”. his goal was to transform iran from an undeveloped feudal society to a developed and capitalist one. again at the 2000s, when reformists gained the power, the existing discourses fundamenta...

background: despite the fact that being exposed to traumatic and stressful events could have severe consequences, studies have shown that even in the wake of negative events such as cancer diagnosis, we see some changes and positive impacts in scheme, philosophy of life and self-perception, a process which is called post traumatic growth (ptg). the aim of the current research is to define share...

Technologies and various media have affected social institutions such as family and causeshape changes in relationships within the family. One of the means of communication that are easilyand widely used in the household is Internet. With the entrance of media, especially the Internet tothe family, changes in personal, social, public and private relationships are occurred. The use ofsocial netw...

based on both animal and human studies, inequality in food intake and social instability has adverse effects on the health of individuals and the community. however, it is not known whether social instability, food deprivation and food inequality affect neuronal death and premature aging in young animals. to address this question, the effects of these adverse situations, histopathological chang...

iran and turkey witnessed deep and broad social changes in an effort to modernization in the first half of 20th century. the social changes had wide-ranging consequences, including personal and psychological effects. the purpose of this paper is a psychoanalytic study of two short stories written by two prominent iranian and turkish writers, sadeq hedayat (1903-1951) and sait faik abasıyanık (1...